On Tue, 20 Oct 2020 at 13:25, Richard Earnshaw
<richard.earns...@foss.arm.com> wrote:
>
> On 20/10/2020 12:22, Richard Earnshaw wrote:
> > On 19/10/2020 17:32, Christophe Lyon via Gcc-patches wrote:
> >> On Mon, 19 Oct 2020 at 16:39, Richard Earnshaw
> >> <richard.earns...@foss.arm.com> wrote:
> >>>
> >>> On 12/10/2020 08:59, Christophe Lyon via Gcc-patches wrote:
> >>>> On Thu, 8 Oct 2020 at 11:58, Richard Earnshaw
> >>>> <richard.earns...@foss.arm.com> wrote:
> >>>>>
> >>>>> On 08/10/2020 10:07, Christophe Lyon via Gcc-patches wrote:
> >>>>>> On Tue, 6 Oct 2020 at 18:02, Richard Earnshaw
> >>>>>> <richard.earns...@foss.arm.com> wrote:
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>> On 29/09/2020 20:50, Christophe Lyon via Gcc-patches wrote:
> >>>>>>>> When mi_delta is > 255 and -mpure-code is used, we cannot load delta
> >>>>>>>> from code memory (like we do without -mpure-code).
> >>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>> This patch builds the value of mi_delta into r3 with a series of
> >>>>>>>> movs/adds/lsls.
> >>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>> We also do some cleanup by not emitting the function address and
> >>>>>>>> delta
> >>>>>>>> via .word directives at the end of the thunk since we don't use them
> >>>>>>>> with -mpure-code.
> >>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>> No need for new testcases, this bug was already identified by
> >>>>>>>> eg. pr46287-3.C
> >>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>> 2020-09-29 Christophe Lyon <christophe.l...@linaro.org>
> >>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>> gcc/
> >>>>>>>> * config/arm/arm.c (arm_thumb1_mi_thunk): Build mi_delta in r3
> >>>>>>>> and
> >>>>>>>> do not emit function address and delta when -mpure-code is
> >>>>>>>> used.
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>> Hi Richard,
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>> Thanks for your comments.
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>>> There are some optimizations you can make to this code.
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>> Firstly, for values between 256 and 510 (inclusive), it would be
> >>>>>>> better
> >>>>>>> to just expand a mov of 255 followed by an add.
> >>>>>> I now see the splitted for the "Pe" constraint which I hadn't noticed
> >>>>>> before, so I can write something similar indeed.
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>> However, I'm note quite sure to understand the benefit in the split
> >>>>>> when -mpure-code is NOT used.
> >>>>>> Consider:
> >>>>>> int f3_1 (void) { return 510; }
> >>>>>> int f3_2 (void) { return 511; }
> >>>>>> Compile with -O2 -mcpu=cortex-m0:
> >>>>>> f3_1:
> >>>>>> movs r0, #255
> >>>>>> lsls r0, r0, #1
> >>>>>> bx lr
> >>>>>> f3_2:
> >>>>>> ldr r0, .L4
> >>>>>> bx lr
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>> The splitter makes the code bigger, does it "compensate" for this by
> >>>>>> not having to load the constant?
> >>>>>> Actually the constant uses 4 more bytes, which should be taken into
> >>>>>> account when comparing code size,
> >>>>>
> >>>>> Yes, the size of the literal pool entry needs to be taken into account.
> >>>>> It might happen that the entry could be shared with another use of that
> >>>>> literal, but in general that's rare.
> >>>>>
> >>>>>> so f3_1 uses 6 bytes, and f3_2 uses 8, so as you say below three
> >>>>>> thumb1 instructions would be equivalent in size compared to loading
> >>>>>> from the literal pool. Should the 256-510 range be extended?
> >>>>>
> >>>>> It's a bit borderline at three instructions when literal pools are not
> >>>>> expensive to use, but in thumb1 literal pools tend to be quite small due
> >>>>> to the limited pc offsets we can use. I think on balance we probably
> >>>>> want to use the instruction sequence unless optimizing for size.
> >>>>>
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>>> This is also true for
> >>>>>>> the literal pools alternative as well, so should be handled before all
> >>>>>>> this.
> >>>>>> I am not sure what you mean: with -mpure-code, the above sample is
> >>>>>> compiled as:
> >>>>>> f3_1:
> >>>>>> movs r0, #255
> >>>>>> lsls r0, r0, #1
> >>>>>> bx lr
> >>>>>> f3_2:
> >>>>>> movs r0, #1
> >>>>>> lsls r0, r0, #8
> >>>>>> adds r0, r0, #255
> >>>>>> bx lr
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>> so the "return 510" case is already handled as without -mpure-code.
> >>>>>
> >>>>> I was thinking specifically of the thunk sequence where you seem to be
> >>>>> emitting instructions directly rather than generating RTL. The examples
> >>>>> you show here are not thunks.
> >>>>>
> >>>> OK thanks for the clarification.
> >>>>
> >>>> Here is an updated version, split into 3 patches to hopefully make
> >>>> review easier.
> >>>> They apply on top of my other mpure-code patches for PR96967 and PR96770:
> >>>> https://gcc.gnu.org/pipermail/gcc-patches/2020-September/554956.html
> >>>> https://gcc.gnu.org/pipermail/gcc-patches/2020-September/554957.html
> >>>>
> >>>> I kept it this way to make incremental changes easier to understand.
> >>>>
> >>>> Patch 1: With the hope to avoid confusion and make maintenance easier,
> >>>> I have updated thumb1_gen_const_int() so that it can generate either RTL
> >>>> or
> >>>> asm. This way, all the code used to build thumb-1 constants is in the
> >>>> same place,
> >>>> in case we need to improve/fix it later. We now generate shorter
> >>>> sequences in
> >>>> several cases matching your comments.
> >>>>
> >>>> Patch 2: Removes the equivalent loop from thumb1_movsi_insn pattern and
> >>>> calls thumb1_gen_const_int.
> >>>>
> >>>> Patch 3: Update of the original patch in this thread, now calls
> >>>> thumb1_gen_const_int.
> >>>
> >>> Yuk! Those changes to thumb1_gen_const_int are horrible.
> >>>
> >>> I think we should be able to leverage the fact that the compiler can use
> >>> C++ now to do much better than that, for example by making that function
> >>> a template. For example (and this is just a sketch):
> >>>
> >>
> >> Indeed! I didn't think about it since there is no other use of
> >> templates in arm.c yet.
> >> I'll send an update soon.
> >>
> >> Other than that, does the approach look OK to you?
> >>
> >
> > Yes, I think this is heading in the right direction. Bringing the two
> > immediate generating operations into a single function can only be a
> > good thing.
> >
> > Looking again at your example constant sequences, I see:
> >
> > 0x1000010:
> > movs r3, #16
> > lsls r3, #16
> > adds r3, #1
> > lsls r3, #4
> > 0x1000011:
> > movs r3, #1
> > lsls r3, #24
> > adds r3, #17
> >
> > The first of these looks odd, given the second sequence. Why doesn't
> > the first expand to
> >
> > 0x1000010:
> > movs r3, #16
> > lsls r3, #16
> > adds r3, #16
> >
> Err, I mean to:
>
>
> 0x1000010:
> movs r3, #1
> lsls r3, #24
> adds r3, #16
>
> ?
Because I first try to right-shift the constant, hoping to reduce its
range and need less instructions to build the higher part, then
left-shift back.
In this particular case, we'd need to realize that there are many
zeros "inside" the constant.
If I remove the part that tries to reduce the range, I do get that
sequence, but for 764 I now generate
movs r3, #2
lsls r3, #8
adds r3, #252
instead of
movs r3, #191
lsls r3, #2
A possibility would be to try both approaches and keep the shortest one.
> >
> > R.
> >
> >> Thanks,
> >>
> >> Christophe
> >>
> >>> class t1_rtl
> >>> {
> >>> public:
> >>> void ashift(int a) { gen_rtx_ASHIFT(a); }
> >>> void rshift(int b) { gen_rtx_SHIFTRT(b); }
> >>> };
> >>>
> >>> class t1_print
> >>> {
> >>> public:
> >>> t1_print (FILE *f) : t_file(f) {}
> >>> void ashift (int a) { fprintf (t_file, "a shift %d\n", a); }
> >>> void rshift (int b) { fprintf (t_file, "r shift %d\n", b); }
> >>> private:
> >>> FILE *t_file;
> >>> };
> >>>
> >>> template <class T>
> >>> void thumb1_gen_const_int(T t, int f)
> >>> {
> >>> // Expansion of thumb1_gen_const_int ...
> >>> t.ashift(f);
> >>> }
> >>>
> >>> // Usage...
> >>> void f1()
> >>> {
> >>> // Use the RTL expander
> >>> t1_rtl g;
> >>> thumb1_gen_const_int (g, 3);
> >>> }
> >>>
> >>> void f2()
> >>> {
> >>> // Use the printf expander writing to stdout
> >>> t1_print g(stdout);
> >>> thumb1_gen_const_int (g, 3);
> >>> }
> >>>
> >>> With this you can write thumb1_gen_const_int without having to worry
> >>> about which expander is being used in each instance and the template
> >>> expansion will use the right version.
> >>>
> >>> R.
> >>>
> >>>>
> >>>>>
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>>> I also suspect (but haven't check) that the base adjustment will
> >>>>>>> most commonly be a multiple of the machine word size (ie 4). If that
> >>>>>>> is
> >>>>>>> the case then you could generate n/4 and then shift it left by 2 for
> >>>>>>> an
> >>>>>>> even greater range of literals.
> >>>>>> I can see there is provision for this in the !TARGET_THUMB1_ONLY case,
> >>>>>> I'll update my patch.
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>>> More generally, any sequence of up to
> >>>>>>> three thumb1 instructions will be no larger, and probably as fast as
> >>>>>>> the
> >>>>>>> existing literal pool fall back.
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>> Secondly, if the value is, for example, 65536 (0x10000), your code
> >>>>>>> will
> >>>>>>> emit a mov followed by two shift-by-8 instructions; the two shifts
> >>>>>>> could
> >>>>>>> be merged into a single shift-by-16.
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>> Right, I'll try to make use of thumb_shiftable_const.
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>>> Finally, I'd really like to see some executable tests for this, if at
> >>>>>>> all possible.
> >>>>>> I mentioned pr46287-3.C, but that's not the only existing testcase
> >>>>>> that showed the problem. There are also:
> >>>>>> g++.dg/opt/thunk1.C
> >>>>>> g++.dg/ipa/pr46984.C
> >>>>>> g++.dg/torture/pr46287.C
> >>>>>> g++.dg/torture/pr45699.C
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>> Do you want that I copy one of these in the arm subdir and add
> >>>>>> -mpure-code in dg-options?
> >>>>>
> >>>>> On reflection, probably not - that just makes things more complicated
> >>>>> with all the dg-options mess (I'm worried about interactions with other
> >>>>> sets of options on the command line and the fall-out from that). If
> >>>>> someone cares about pure-code they should be doing full testsuite runs
> >>>>> with it enabled and that should be sufficient.
> >>>>
> >>>> Yes, that's what I am doing manually, it's a bit tricky, and I use a
> >>>> modified simulator.
> >>>>
> >>>> Thanks,
> >>>>
> >>>> Christophe
> >>>>
> >>>>>
> >>>>> R.
> >>>>>
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>> Thanks,
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>> Christophe
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>>> R.
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>> k# (use "git pull" to merge the remote branch into yours)
> >>>>>>>> ---
> >>>>>>>> gcc/config/arm/arm.c | 91
> >>>>>>>> +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---------------
> >>>>>>>> 1 file changed, 66 insertions(+), 25 deletions(-)
> >>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>> diff --git a/gcc/config/arm/arm.c b/gcc/config/arm/arm.c
> >>>>>>>> index ceeb91f..62abeb5 100644
> >>>>>>>> --- a/gcc/config/arm/arm.c
> >>>>>>>> +++ b/gcc/config/arm/arm.c
> >>>>>>>> @@ -28342,9 +28342,43 @@ arm_thumb1_mi_thunk (FILE *file, tree,
> >>>>>>>> HOST_WIDE_INT delta,
> >>>>>>>> {
> >>>>>>>> if (mi_delta > 255)
> >>>>>>>> {
> >>>>>>>> - fputs ("\tldr\tr3, ", file);
> >>>>>>>> - assemble_name (file, label);
> >>>>>>>> - fputs ("+4\n", file);
> >>>>>>>> + /* With -mpure-code, we cannot load delta from the constant
> >>>>>>>> + pool: we build it explicitly. */
> >>>>>>>> + if (target_pure_code)
> >>>>>>>> + {
> >>>>>>>> + bool mov_done_p = false;
> >>>>>>>> + int i;
> >>>>>>>> +
> >>>>>>>> + /* Emit upper 3 bytes if needed. */
> >>>>>>>> + for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
> >>>>>>>> + {
> >>>>>>>> + int byte = (mi_delta >> (8 * (3 - i))) & 0xff;
> >>>>>>>> +
> >>>>>>>> + if (byte)
> >>>>>>>> + {
> >>>>>>>> + if (mov_done_p)
> >>>>>>>> + asm_fprintf (file, "\tadds\tr3, #%d\n", byte);
> >>>>>>>> + else
> >>>>>>>> + asm_fprintf (file, "\tmovs\tr3, #%d\n", byte);
> >>>>>>>> + mov_done_p = true;
> >>>>>>>> + }
> >>>>>>>> +
> >>>>>>>> + if (mov_done_p)
> >>>>>>>> + asm_fprintf (file, "\tlsls\tr3, #8\n");
> >>>>>>>> + }
> >>>>>>>> +
> >>>>>>>> + /* Emit lower byte if needed. */
> >>>>>>>> + if (!mov_done_p)
> >>>>>>>> + asm_fprintf (file, "\tmovs\tr3, #%d\n", mi_delta &
> >>>>>>>> 0xff);
> >>>>>>>> + else if (mi_delta & 0xff)
> >>>>>>>> + asm_fprintf (file, "\tadds\tr3, #%d\n", mi_delta &
> >>>>>>>> 0xff);
> >>>>>>>> + }
> >>>>>>>> + else
> >>>>>>>> + {
> >>>>>>>> + fputs ("\tldr\tr3, ", file);
> >>>>>>>> + assemble_name (file, label);
> >>>>>>>> + fputs ("+4\n", file);
> >>>>>>>> + }
> >>>>>>>> asm_fprintf (file, "\t%ss\t%r, %r, r3\n",
> >>>>>>>> mi_op, this_regno, this_regno);
> >>>>>>>> }
> >>>>>>>> @@ -28380,30 +28414,37 @@ arm_thumb1_mi_thunk (FILE *file, tree,
> >>>>>>>> HOST_WIDE_INT delta,
> >>>>>>>> fputs ("\tpop\t{r3}\n", file);
> >>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>> fprintf (file, "\tbx\tr12\n");
> >>>>>>>> - ASM_OUTPUT_ALIGN (file, 2);
> >>>>>>>> - assemble_name (file, label);
> >>>>>>>> - fputs (":\n", file);
> >>>>>>>> - if (flag_pic)
> >>>>>>>> +
> >>>>>>>> + /* With -mpure-code, we don't need to emit literals for the
> >>>>>>>> + function address and delta since we emitted code to build
> >>>>>>>> + them. */
> >>>>>>>> + if (!target_pure_code)
> >>>>>>>> {
> >>>>>>>> - /* Output ".word .LTHUNKn-[3,7]-.LTHUNKPCn". */
> >>>>>>>> - rtx tem = XEXP (DECL_RTL (function), 0);
> >>>>>>>> - /* For TARGET_THUMB1_ONLY the thunk is in Thumb mode, so the
> >>>>>>>> PC
> >>>>>>>> - pipeline offset is four rather than eight. Adjust the
> >>>>>>>> offset
> >>>>>>>> - accordingly. */
> >>>>>>>> - tem = plus_constant (GET_MODE (tem), tem,
> >>>>>>>> - TARGET_THUMB1_ONLY ? -3 : -7);
> >>>>>>>> - tem = gen_rtx_MINUS (GET_MODE (tem),
> >>>>>>>> - tem,
> >>>>>>>> - gen_rtx_SYMBOL_REF (Pmode,
> >>>>>>>> - ggc_strdup
> >>>>>>>> (labelpc)));
> >>>>>>>> - assemble_integer (tem, 4, BITS_PER_WORD, 1);
> >>>>>>>> - }
> >>>>>>>> - else
> >>>>>>>> - /* Output ".word .LTHUNKn". */
> >>>>>>>> - assemble_integer (XEXP (DECL_RTL (function), 0), 4,
> >>>>>>>> BITS_PER_WORD, 1);
> >>>>>>>> + ASM_OUTPUT_ALIGN (file, 2);
> >>>>>>>> + assemble_name (file, label);
> >>>>>>>> + fputs (":\n", file);
> >>>>>>>> + if (flag_pic)
> >>>>>>>> + {
> >>>>>>>> + /* Output ".word .LTHUNKn-[3,7]-.LTHUNKPCn". */
> >>>>>>>> + rtx tem = XEXP (DECL_RTL (function), 0);
> >>>>>>>> + /* For TARGET_THUMB1_ONLY the thunk is in Thumb mode, so
> >>>>>>>> the PC
> >>>>>>>> + pipeline offset is four rather than eight. Adjust
> >>>>>>>> the offset
> >>>>>>>> + accordingly. */
> >>>>>>>> + tem = plus_constant (GET_MODE (tem), tem,
> >>>>>>>> + TARGET_THUMB1_ONLY ? -3 : -7);
> >>>>>>>> + tem = gen_rtx_MINUS (GET_MODE (tem),
> >>>>>>>> + tem,
> >>>>>>>> + gen_rtx_SYMBOL_REF (Pmode,
> >>>>>>>> + ggc_strdup
> >>>>>>>> (labelpc)));
> >>>>>>>> + assemble_integer (tem, 4, BITS_PER_WORD, 1);
> >>>>>>>> + }
> >>>>>>>> + else
> >>>>>>>> + /* Output ".word .LTHUNKn". */
> >>>>>>>> + assemble_integer (XEXP (DECL_RTL (function), 0), 4,
> >>>>>>>> BITS_PER_WORD, 1);
> >>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>> - if (TARGET_THUMB1_ONLY && mi_delta > 255)
> >>>>>>>> - assemble_integer (GEN_INT(mi_delta), 4, BITS_PER_WORD, 1);
> >>>>>>>> + if (TARGET_THUMB1_ONLY && mi_delta > 255)
> >>>>>>>> + assemble_integer (GEN_INT(mi_delta), 4, BITS_PER_WORD, 1);
> >>>>>>>> + }
> >>>>>>>> }
> >>>>>>>> else
> >>>>>>>> {
> >>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>
> >>>
> >
>
