We were infinitely recursing in value_dependent_expression_p. As it happens, we're already doing the heavy lifting for determining whether or not a potentially constant variable has a constant initializer, so we can just use decl_constant_var_p here.

Tested x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, applied to trunk and 4.6.
commit 5f044d8e087ad43de99c062fea1ed58398f6f977
Author: Jason Merrill <ja...@redhat.com>
Date:   Tue Mar 29 15:05:27 2011 -0400

        PR c++/48265
        * pt.c (value_dependent_expression_p) [VAR_DECL]: Make sure
        the variable is constant before looking at its initializer.

diff --git a/gcc/cp/pt.c b/gcc/cp/pt.c
index da9365f..e716ca6 100644
--- a/gcc/cp/pt.c
+++ b/gcc/cp/pt.c
@@ -18085,10 +18085,10 @@ value_dependent_expression_p (tree expression)
       return value_dependent_expression_p (DECL_INITIAL (expression));
 
     case VAR_DECL:
-       /* A constant with integral or enumeration type and is initialized
+       /* A constant with literal type and is initialized
          with an expression that is value-dependent.  */
       if (DECL_INITIAL (expression)
-         && INTEGRAL_OR_ENUMERATION_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (expression))
+         && decl_constant_var_p (expression)
          && value_dependent_expression_p (DECL_INITIAL (expression)))
        return true;
       return false;
diff --git a/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp0x/regress/value-dep1.C 
b/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp0x/regress/value-dep1.C
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..112389d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp0x/regress/value-dep1.C
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+// PR c++/48265
+// { dg-options -std=c++0x }
+
+template < int > struct S
+{
+  S () { const int i = i; i; };
+};

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