https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=114935
--- Comment #1 from Jason Merrill <jason at gcc dot gnu.org> --- Without <string>: #include <initializer_list> int as; struct A { A(const char *) { ++as; } A(const A&) { ++as; } ~A() { --as; } }; void __attribute__((noipa)) tata(std::initializer_list<A> init) { throw 1; } int main() { try { tata({ "foo","bar" }); } catch (...) { } if (as != 0) __builtin_abort (); } The problem is with the array EH cleanup handling: when we initialize an array of a type with a non-trivial destructor, such as the backing array for the initializer_list, we have a cleanup to destroy any constructed elements if a later constructor throws. But in this case the call to tata is still in that region. Without the r14-1705 change, we deal with that by disabling the array cleanup in split_nonconstant_init, but with the change we don't go through split_nonconstant_init and so we miss disabling the cleanup.