https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=108732
--- Comment #2 from Andrew Pinski <pinskia at gcc dot gnu.org> --- >I maintain a number of builds that do similar invocations to verify that each >header file is self-contained. You could just do: gcc -xc -include header.h /dev/null -o /dev/null -c Which works better and will always work when modules become standard ...