https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=99456
--- Comment #7 from Nathan Sidwell <nathan at gcc dot gnu.org> --- You're misreading this particular testcase. I don't believe it contains anything invalid -- the only constexpr is on: static constexpr unsigned &descRef = desc; (and I don't think it's necessary there, but that's unimportant) the inline vars are explicitly not constinit/constexpr, but one would expect static initialization for them as they all boil down to symbol refs. it is 99452 showing the inconsistent handling of constinit