https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=98854
--- Comment #3 from Richard Biener <rguenth at gcc dot gnu.org> --- OK, one can see it with BB vectorization enabled vs. disabled. Bad: Samples: 7K of event 'cycles:u', Event count (approx.): 7540324763 Overhead Samples Command Shared Object Symbol 53.11% 3711 a.out a.out [.] shade 25.39% 1774 a.out a.out [.] trace 18.16% 1271 a.out a.out [.] render_scanline 1.56% 109 a.out libm-2.26.so [.] __ieee754_pow_sse2 Good: Samples: 6K of event 'cycles:u', Event count (approx.): 6673802579 Overhead Samples Command Shared Object Symbol 61.21% 3857 a.out a.out [.] shade 20.44% 1288 a.out a.out [.] trace 14.42% 912 a.out a.out [.] render_scanline 1.81% 114 a.out libm-2.26.so [.] __ieee754_pow_sse2 With added -fwhole-program we have c-ray-mt.c:624:18: optimized: basic block part vectorized using 32 byte vectors c-ray-mt.c:372:13: optimized: basic block part vectorized using 32 byte vectors c-ray-mt.c:372:13: optimized: basic block part vectorized using 32 byte vectors c-ray-mt.c:432:9: optimized: basic block part vectorized using 32 byte vectors c-ray-mt.c:656:7: optimized: basic block part vectorized using 32 byte vectors c-ray-mt.c:656:7: optimized: basic block part vectorized using 32 byte vectors c-ray-mt.c:265:23: optimized: basic block part vectorized using 32 byte vectors :372 is bad and then :656 For the first we vectorize a store <bb 26> [local count: 31445960]: # nearest_obj_239 = PHI <nearest_obj_11(17), nearest_obj_11(25), iter_363(24), nearest_obj_11(19), nearest_obj_11(18), iter_363(23)> ... _816 = {nearest_sp_pos_x_lsm.258_78, nearest_sp_pos_y_lsm.259_174, nearest_sp_pos_z_lsm.260_201, nearest_sp_normal_x_lsm.261_200}; _820 = {nearest_sp_normal_y_lsm.262_122, nearest_sp_normal_z_lsm.263_293, nearest_sp_vref_x_lsm.264_124, nearest_sp_vref_y_lsm.265_148}; iter_231 = iter_363->next; if (iter_231 != 0B) goto <bb 33>; [89.00%] else goto <bb 27>; [11.00%] <bb 33> [local count: 27986904]: goto <bb 17>; [100.00%] <bb 27> [local count: 3459055]: # nearest_sp_dist_lsm.257_228 = PHI <nearest_sp_dist_lsm.257_66(26)> # nearest_sp_pos_x_lsm.258_226 = PHI <nearest_sp_pos_x_lsm.258_78(26)> # nearest_sp_normal_y_lsm.262_343 = PHI <nearest_sp_normal_y_lsm.262_122(26)> # nearest_sp_vref_x_lsm.264_238 = PHI <nearest_sp_vref_x_lsm.264_124(26)> # nearest_sp_vref_y_lsm.265_237 = PHI <nearest_sp_vref_y_lsm.265_148(26)> # nearest_sp_vref_z_lsm.266_236 = PHI <nearest_sp_vref_z_lsm.266_152(26)> # nearest_sp_pos_y_lsm.259_342 = PHI <nearest_sp_pos_y_lsm.259_174(26)> # nearest_sp_normal_x_lsm.261_351 = PHI <nearest_sp_normal_x_lsm.261_200(26)> # nearest_sp_pos_z_lsm.260_304 = PHI <nearest_sp_pos_z_lsm.260_201(26)> # nearest_obj_197 = PHI <nearest_obj_239(26)> # nearest_sp_normal_z_lsm.263_821 = PHI <nearest_sp_normal_z_lsm.263_293(26)> # vect_nearest_sp_pos_x_lsm.258_226.268_815 = PHI <_816(26)> # vect_nearest_sp_pos_x_lsm.258_226.268_814 = PHI <_820(26)> nearest_sp.vref.z = nearest_sp_vref_z_lsm.266_236; MEM <vector(4) double> [(double *)&nearest_sp] = vect_nearest_sp_pos_x_lsm.258_226.268_815; _812 = &nearest_sp.pos.x + 32; MEM <vector(4) double> [(double *)_812] = vect_nearest_sp_pos_x_lsm.258_226.268_814; but we insert the vector CTOR on a path that's more often executed than the use. And since there's no sinking pass after vectorization nothing fixes this up.