I get this when compiling the attached minimal test case. The condition for getting an ICE seems to be that:
1. A template template parameter's type is defined with 2 or more parameters 2. The type (ignoring the first parameter) is defined in terms of previous template parameters, and none of the type's parameters are typename 3. A default parameter instantiates the template parameter This seems to go back to at least gcc 3.3. To reproduce: g++ icetest.C $ g++ -v Using built-in specs. Target: i686-pc-linux-gnu Configured with: ./configure --with-gmp=/tmp/gcc-inst --prefix=/tmp/gcc-inst --with-mpfr=/tmp/gcc-inst --enable-languages=c,c++ Thread model: posix gcc version 4.3.0 20061201 (experimental) -- Summary: ICE in tsubst, at cp/pt.c:7359 Product: gcc Version: 4.3.0 Status: UNCONFIRMED Severity: normal Priority: P3 Component: c++ AssignedTo: unassigned at gcc dot gnu dot org ReportedBy: pcc03 at doc dot ic dot ac dot uk GCC build triplet: i686-pc-linux-gnu GCC host triplet: i686-pc-linux-gnu GCC target triplet: i686-pc-linux-gnu http://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=30044