Jochen, hi,
For a while I have shown the sense to stay quiet, but let me try to
address this one a little, because I can send a file that has some
technical papers which I think address some of these points.
It seems to me that the 99%/1% paradigm and Occupy are targeted at
slightly different things, though they have become natural traveling
companions, and the two are now generally associated (probably also
in the minds of the participants for the most part). It seems that
the 99/1 paradigm is targeted at social inequality, and addresses the
question of what kind of society we want to create. That seems to be
the main question you address in your post. If I understand
correctly, Occupy, with its particular focus on Wall Street at the
beginning, was targeted at the influence of corporate power in
corrupting the legal system, at all levels from law-making, to day-to-
day regulatory operations, to law enforcement. I think this is a
somewhat different question, in that it addresses the major de facto
difference between the society we claim to have committed to in the
political system, and the actual working of that system. I choose to
narrow the focus of Occupy in my own mind -- probably more than it is
actually narrowed in the minds of many who participate -- for the
sake of highlighting this distinction, because I think the two
questions are addressed to some extent differently. The distinction
I am making also follows an official position taken by Yaneer Bar-Yam
of NECSI, in the attached rtf (which hopefully the list curator will
permit to forward) {\rtf1\mac\ansicpg10000\cocoartf824\cocoasubrtf480
{\fonttbl\f0\fswiss\fcharset77 Helvetica-Bold;\f1\fswiss\fcharset77 Helvetica;\f2\froman\fcharset77 Times-Roman;
\f3\froman\fcharset77 Times-Bold;\f4\froman\fcharset77 Times-Italic;}
{\colortbl;\red255\green255\blue255;\red0\green0\blue0;\red0\green0\blue0;\red42\green29\blue223;
}
{\*\listtable{\list\listtemplateid1\listhybrid{\listlevel\levelnfc0\levelnfcn0\leveljc2\leveljcn2\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace360\levelindent0{\*\levelmarker \{decimal\}.}{\leveltext\leveltemplateid0\'02\'05.;}{\levelnumbers\'01;}}{\listname ;}\listid1}}
{\*\listoverridetable{\listoverride\listid1\listoverridecount0\ls1}}
\pard\tx560\tx1120\tx1680\tx2240\tx2800\tx3360\tx3920\tx4480\tx5040\tx5600\tx6160\tx6720\ql\qnatural\pardirnatural
\f0\b\fs24 \cf2 From:
\f1\b0 \cf3 Charles Sing <cs...@umich.edu>\
\f0\b \cf2 Date:
\f1\b0 \cf3 December 6, 2011 9:41:40 AM MST\
\f0\b \cf2 To:
\f1\b0 \cf3 gschwa...@mayo.edu,dehrenf...@aesop.rutgers.edu,krlam...@iastate.edu, leopo...@iastate.edu,ecbrum...@noble.org,ferry...@mail.tele.dk, desm...@santafe.edu,eric.boerwin...@uth.tmc.edu, jack...@landinstitute.org,agc...@farmandfoodfile.com,jdd...@umich.edu, kim.ze...@gmail.com,tom...@umich.edu,cs...@umich.edu,ds...@umich.edu, mlieb...@iastate.edu,kamyar.ensha...@uni.edu,jtollak...@gmail.com, davidcharl...@bellsouth.net,jolmst...@iatp.org,sp...@cornell.edu, wr...@interchange.ubc.ca,rickschnied...@gmail.com,pe...@pvictor.com, eckst...@nigms.nih.gov,hd...@umd.edu,terra.brock...@gmail.com, drkee...@iastate.edu,mdu...@iastate.edu,ciof...@umich.edu, dwalli...@iatp.org,rlawr...@jhsph.edu,fthi...@iowatelecom.net, temple...@biology2.wustl.edu,pschl...@umich.edu,pat...@mail.utexas.edu, steng...@umich.edu,skar...@umich.edu,dpeters...@unl.edu, ben.koes...@gmail.com,mcg...@gmail.com,joshua.far...@uvm.edu, abehr...@jhsph.edu,debraeschme...@gmail.com,knach...@jhsph.edu, dnierenb...@worldwatch.org,navina.kha...@gmail.com, fefer...@math.princeton.edu,c...@umich.edu,rob_di...@steadystate.org, side0...@umn.edu,h...@cdc.gov,cf...@nmsu.edu,christina_sa...@brown.edu, kimba...@gmail.com,swar...@med.umich.edu,angelamada...@gmail.com, sracu...@gmail.com,deldun...@aol.com\
\f0\b \cf2 Subject: \cf3 Fwd: For Mountain Sky Folk\
\pard\tx560\tx1120\tx1680\tx2240\tx2800\tx3360\tx3920\tx4480\tx5040\tx5600\tx6160\tx6720\ql\qnatural\pardirnatural
\f1\b0 \cf3 \
\pard\pardeftab720\ql\qnatural
\f2 \cf3 \
Thanks Irene.\'ca This appears to me to be a well reasoned analysis of what got us destablized.\'ca I see little what changes need to be made to recapture the resilience and robustness of the economic narrative that is so fundamental.\'ca I can't image going back to the regs that were repealed will work given the evolution of the system since deregulation.\'ca I hope Josh, Peter, Brian, Herman et al. will share their thoughts on this analysis with us all.\
\
\'ca\'ca\'ca\'ca\'ca\'ca\'ca\'ca Charlie\
\
From:"Eckstrand, Irene (NIH/NIGMS) [E]" <eckst...@nigms.nih.gov>\
To:"Charlie Sing (cfs...@supermta.hg.med.umich.edu)" <cfs...@supermta.hg.med.umich.edu>\
Date:Tue, 6 Dec 2011 10:48:59 -0500\
Subject:For Mountain Sky Folk\
Thread-Topic:For Mountain Sky Folk\
Thread-Index:Acy0LljIbb9pF5MQS1W4mSP/FSow7w==\
Accept-Language:en-US\
X-MS-Has-Attach:\
X-MS-TNEF-Correlator:\
acceptlanguage:en-US\
\
Below {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://necsi.edu/projects/yaneer/owsdesc.html"}}{\fldrslt \cf4 \ul \ulc4 is Yaneer Bar-Yam\'d5s defense}} of his previous article in support of the Occupy movement.\
\
\'ca\
\
I have been asked to provide a guide to our scientific results that motivated {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://necsi.edu/projects/yaneer/occupy.html"}}{\fldrslt \cf4 \ul \ulc4 my statement in support of Occupy Wall Street}}.[1]\
\
Here is a summary:\
\
Our research over the past few years has been directed at understanding the stability and instability of our economic system.[2-5] When an economic system is robust it can function under a variety of stresses, and when it is not robust even minor perturbations cause cascading failures and dislocation of its essential function. We have seen evidence of such dislocation in the financial system failures, and in government financial and economic rescue actions that only provide temporary and insufficient results.[6] Identifying the underlying reasons for instability of the economic system and how they may be corrected motivates our work. \
\
Our results show that government policy decisions, often in deregulation but also in regulation, have undermined the ability of our economic system to function and made it highly susceptible to crises. The economic system is an essential part of the functioning of our society. When functioning properly its action enables both basic survival and many other opportunities for us, individually and collectively. The need for its functional reliability should be apparent, and should not be assumed. Similar to other systems with emergent behaviors, economic activity depends on a framework in which it can function successfully. Our analysis is designed to identify key aspects of the framework that enable economic activity, and without which systemic failure is likely. In each case we identify the nature of the systemic dysfunction associated with regulatory changes.\
\
We have brought our concerns about regulatory actions that destabilized the economic system to regulators, in some cases directly, as in a presentation on stock market regulations we gave at the Division of Markets of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).[4] Many others also strongly advocated to the SEC the reversal of recent deregulatory actions.[7] However, the SEC, under lobbying pressure from hedge funds, chose to institute a watered down version of previous regulations.[8,9] Our analysis, reported to the SEC, showed that the watered down version would be ineffective.[4] Similarly, other acts of regulation and deregulation have been carried out under the influence of corporate interests. A conclusion of our studies has been that changes in regulation have undermined the very stability of our economic system. \
\
Our research has identified three areas of regulatory activity that have played a major role in the global financial, economic and food crises. The references were provided in my original comment [1] and are described in brief here:\
\
\pard\pardeftab720\sa280\ql\qnatural
\f3\b\fs28 \cf3 Banking deregulation:\
\pard\pardeftab720\ql\qnatural
\f2\b0\fs24 \cf3 \
\
The repeal of the Glass-Steagall Act of 1934 by the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act in 1999 allowed the creation of the "too big to fail" banks. A lobbying effort by Citigroup to achieve this legislation is a matter of public record.[10-12] The increased vulnerability of the economy due to this deregulation has been widely discussed [6] and is analyzed in our paper "Networks of Economic Market Interdependence and Systemic Risk."[3] In particular, the banks facilitated the propagation of the mortgage crisis to the economy as a whole. We conclude that reinstating banking regulation that separates domains of banking activity would inhibit cascading economic failures and play an important role in restoring economic stability. \
\
\pard\pardeftab720\sa280\ql\qnatural
\f3\b\fs28 \cf3 Commodity futures deregulation:\
\pard\pardeftab720\ql\qnatural
\f2\b0\fs24 \cf3 \
\
Our research shows that rapid increases in food and other commodity prices during this past decade have their basis in deregulation of the commodities markets. This is described in our paper "The Food Crises: A Quantitative Model of Food Prices Including Speculators and Ethanol Conversion."[5] The repeal of the Commodity Exchange Act of 1936 by the Commodity Futures Modernization Act of 2000 removed limits on trading. These trading limits were established in order to limit the impact of speculation. Their repeal enabled rapid growth in commodity index funds and contributed to the volume of speculative activity that resulted in bubbles and crashes that disrupt supply and demand economics in these systems. When supply and demand are not in equilibrium, the effectiveness and even stability of the economic system are undermined. The increases in food prices have resulted in a global food crisis, causing widespread suffering and major food riots. The Commodity Futures Trading Commission is currently in process of reinstating position limits, and the primary corporation meeting with them is Goldman Sachs, which also manages the largest commodity index fund.[13] \
\
Other work has analyzed the role of the agricultural industry in influencing regulations that promote ethanol production,[14] the second major cause of price increases.[5]\
\
\pard\pardeftab720\sa280\ql\qnatural
\f3\b\fs28 \cf3 Stock market deregulation:\
\pard\pardeftab720\ql\qnatural
\f2\b0\fs24 \cf3 \
\
The repeal by the SEC in July 2007 of the "uptick rule" of 1938 eliminated its intended role in stabilizing the stock markets against the rapid selling of borrowed shares, whether for illegal intentional manipulation or otherwise. Our research provided a scientific analysis of the impact of the uptick rule [4,15-17] and motivated Congressman Barney Frank in advocating its reinstatement to the SEC.[18] Despite overwhelming public and professional support for reinstatement of the uptick rule, the SEC listened to industry advocates, especially hedge funds, who claimed that the uptick rule was not beneficial.[8,9] In March of this year the SEC implemented a rule that is only in effect if a stock's price decreases by 10% in a single day. Our analysis shows that this rule does not have the same stabilizing effect as the original uptick rule. The "flash crash" on May 6, 2010 and mini flash crashes manifest market dysfunction,[19,20] and they are consistent with our analysis of the consequences of this deregulation.\
\
There are several other examples of regulatory activity and its consequences that are still to be described in publications. Each of these is connected with influence of corporations on regulators.\
\
Our scientific findings have implications for the overall wellbeing of society. The economic crisis has caused widespread problems. Where catastrophic outcomes result from policy choices, we have a responsibility to identify the implications of the policies and advocate for better alternatives. In sum, I believe that the call for reduced influence of corporations by Occupy Wall Street [21] is a statement of economic necessity in the context of poorly considered decisions by government under the influence of special interests. The Occupy Wall Street movement is developing its identity and considering potential courses of action. Our research shows this is a good time to constructively engage in social change. \
\
\pard\pardeftab720\sa280\ql\qnatural
{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://necsi.edu/projects/yaneer/owsdesc.html#comments"}}{\fldrslt
\f3\b\fs28 \cf4 \ul \ulc4 Add a Comment}}
\f3\b\fs28 \
\pard\pardeftab720\ql\qnatural
\f2\b0\fs24 \cf3 \
\
\
\pard\pardeftab720\sa280\ql\qnatural
\f3\b\fs28 \cf3 References\
\pard\pardeftab720\ql\qnatural
\f2\b0\fs24 \cf3 \
\
\pard\tx220\tx720\pardeftab720\ql\qnatural
\ls1\ilvl0\cf3 {\listtext 1. }Y. Bar-Yam, {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.necsi.edu/projects/yaneer/occupy.html"}}{\fldrslt \cf4 \ul \ulc4 Complex Systems and Occupy Wall Street}} (November 18, 2011).\
\pard\tx220\tx720\pardeftab720\ql\qnatural
\ls1\ilvl0{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.necsi.edu/research/economics/"}}{\fldrslt \cf4 \ul \ulc4 {\listtext 2. }NECSI Economics Research}}.\
{\listtext 3. }D. Harmon, B. Stacey, Yavni Bar-Yam, and Yaneer Bar-Yam, {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://necsi.edu/research/economics/interdependence.html"}}{\fldrslt \cf4 \ul \ulc4 Networks of Economic Market Interdependence and Systemic Risk}} {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://arxiv.org/abs/1011.3707"}}{\fldrslt \cf4 \ul \ulc4 arXiv:1011.3707}} (November 16, 2010).\
{\listtext 4. }Y. Bar-Yam, D. Harmon, V. Misra, and J. Ornstein, {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.necsi.edu/admin/NECSISECreportFeb2010.pdf"}}{\fldrslt \cf4 \ul \ulc4 Regulation of Short Selling: The Uptick Rule and Market Stability}}. Report presented at the Securities and Exchange Commission (February 22, 2010).\
{\listtext 5. }M. Lagi, Yavni Bar-Yam, K.Z. Bertrand, Yaneer Bar-Yam, {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://necsi.edu/research/social/foodprices.html"}}{\fldrslt \cf4 \ul \ulc4 The Food Crises: A Quantitative Model of Food Prices Including Speculators and Ethanol Conversion}}. {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://arxiv.org/abs/1109.4859"}}{\fldrslt \cf4 \ul \ulc4 arXiv:1109.4859}} (September 21, 2011).\
\pard\tx220\tx720\pardeftab720\ql\qnatural
\ls1\ilvl0{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://fcic.law.stanford.edu/report"}}{\fldrslt \cf4 \ul \ulc4 {\listtext 6. }The Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission Report}}, Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission (January 2011).\
\pard\tx220\tx720\pardeftab720\ql\qnatural
\ls1\ilvl0{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.sec.gov/comments/s7-08-09/s70809.shtml"}}{\fldrslt \cf4 \ul \ulc4 {\listtext 7. }Public Comments on Amendments to Regulation SHO}}, United States Securities and Exchange Comission, Release 34-59748, File S7-08-09.\
{\listtext 8. }"{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://dealbook.nytimes.com/2010/02/25/hedge-funds-slam-short-sale-rule/"}}{\fldrslt \cf4 \ul \ulc4 Hedge funds slam short-sale rule}}," New York Times Dealbook (February 25, 2010).\
{\listtext 9. }C. Sanati, "{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://dealbook.nytimes.com/2010/02/24/lawmakers-find-s-e-c-s-short-sale-rule-lacking/"}}{\fldrslt \cf4 \ul \ulc4 Lawmakers find S.E.C.'s short-sale rule lacking}}". New York Times Dealbook (February 24, 2010).\
\pard\tx220\tx720\pardeftab720\ql\qnatural
\ls1\ilvl0{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.opensecrets.org/orgs/summary.php?id=D000000071&lname=Citigroup+Inc"}}{\fldrslt \cf4 \ul \ulc4 {\listtext 10. }Lobbying Spending Database-Citigroup Management Corp}}, Center for Responsible Politics.\
\pard\tx220\tx720\pardeftab720\ql\qnatural
\ls1\ilvl0{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/wallstreet/weill/demise.html"}}{\fldrslt \cf4 \ul \ulc4 {\listtext 11. }The long demise of Glass-Steagall}}, PBS\
{\listtext 12. }J. Kahn, "{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.nytimes.com/1999/10/27/business/former-treasury-secretary-joins-leadership-triangle-at-citigroup.html?pagewanted=all&src=pm"}}{\fldrslt \cf4 \ul \ulc4 Former Treasury Secretary joins leadership triangle at Citigroup}}," New York Times (October 27, 1999).\
{\listtext 13. }P. Madigan, "{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.risk.net/risk-magazine/analysis/2080403/goldman-sachs-tops-list-firms-met-cftc"}}{\fldrslt \cf4 \ul \ulc4 Goldman Sachs tops list of firms that met CFTC}}," Risk Magazine (July 1, 2011).\
{\listtext 14. }R.W. Hahn, Ethanol: Law, Economics, and Politics. Stanford Law and Policy Review 19, 434 (2008).\
{\listtext 15. }R. C. Pozen and Y. Bar-Yam, "{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://online.wsj.com/article/SB122697410070336091.html"}}{\fldrslt \cf4 \ul \ulc4 There's a Better Way to Prevent 'Bear Raids}},'" The Wall Street Journal, November 18, 2008.\
{\listtext 16. }D. Harmon and Y. Bar-Yam, {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.necsi.edu/research/economics/SEC_proposals.pdf"}}{\fldrslt \cf4 \ul \ulc4 Technical Report on SEC Uptick Rule Proposals}}, (April 2009).\
{\listtext 17. }D. Harmon and Y. Bar-Yam, {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.necsi.edu/research/UptickTechReport.pdf"}}{\fldrslt \cf4 \ul \ulc4 Technical Report on the SEC Uptick Repeal Pilot}} (November 18, 2008).\
{\listtext 18. }S. Bar-Yam and Y. Bar-Yam, {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://necsi.edu/research/economics/highlight/"}}{\fldrslt \cf4 \ul \ulc4 Stopping the Market Crash}} (January 31, 2011).\
{\listtext 19. }Y. Bar-Yam and D. Harmon, {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.necsi.edu/research/economics/flashcrash.html"}}{\fldrslt \cf4 \ul \ulc4 Flash Crash: NECSI responds to the SEC market circuit breaker rules}} (May 18, 2010).\
{\listtext 20. }V. Misra and Y. Bar-Yam, {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://necsi.edu/research/economics/whyflashcrashes.html"}}{\fldrslt \cf4 \ul \ulc4 Market Instability: Why Flash Crashes Happen}}, NECSI Report #2011-08-02 (2011).\
\pard\tx220\tx720\pardeftab720\ql\qnatural
\ls1\ilvl0{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://occupywallst.org/about/"}}{\fldrslt \cf4 \ul \ulc4 {\listtext 21. }About}}, occupywallst.org\
\pard\pardeftab720\sa120\ql\qnatural
\cf3 \
\pard\pardeftab720\qc
\cf3 \
\pard\pardeftab720\ql\qnatural
\cf3 \'ca\
\'ca\
\pard\pardeftab720\ql\qnatural
\f4\i \cf3 Irene Anne Eckstrand, Ph.D.\
Division of Genetics and Developmental Biology\
Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology\
National Institute of General Medical Sciences\
45 Center\'ca Drive,\'ca Room 2AS.25K\
MSC 6200\
Bethesda, MD 20892-6200\
\pard\pardeftab720\ql\qnatural
\f2\i0 \cf3 \'ca\
\pard\pardeftab720\ql\qnatural
\f4\i \cf3 Tel: 301-594-0943\
Email: {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "mailto:eckst...@nigms.nih.gov"}}{\fldrslt \cf4 \ul \ulc4 eckst...@nigms.nih.gov}}\
Web: {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.nigms.nih.gov/"}}{\fldrslt \cf4 \ul \ulc4 www.nigms.nih.gov}}
\f2\i0 \'ca\'ca \
\'ca\
Check out NIH's {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://grants.nih.gov/grants/plain_language.htm"}}{\fldrslt \cf4 \ul \ulc4 Plain Language Web Page}} for resources on communicating science to all audiences.\
\'ca\
\pard\pardeftab720\sa240\ql\qnatural
\cf3 \
\pard\pardeftab720\sa320\ql\qnatural
\f3\b\fs48 \cf3 \uc0\u8232 Anchored to the Infinite\
\pard\pardeftab720\ql\qnatural
\f2\b0\fs24 \cf3 By {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.poetryfoundation.org/bio/edwin-markham"}}{\fldrslt \cf4 \ul \ulc4 Edwin Markham}} \
The builder who first bridged Niagara\'d5s gorge, \
Before he swung his cable, shore to shore,\'ca\'ca \
Sent out across the gulf his venturing kite\'ca\'ca \
Bearing a slender cord for unseen hands\'ca\'ca \
To grasp upon the further cliff and draw \
A greater cord, and then a greater yet;\'ca\'ca \
Till at the last across the chasm swung\'ca\'ca \
The cable then the mighty bridge in air! \
\'ca\
So we may send our little timid thought\'ca\'ca \
Across the void, out to God\'d5s reaching hands\uc0\u173 \
Send out our love and faith to thread the deep\uc0\u173 \
Thought after thought until the little cord \
Has greatened to a chain no chance can break, \
And we are anchored to the Infinite!}. I have looked at some of the articles referenced here, but it
would take a more careful analysis of method than I have made the
effort (or probably have the expertise) to perform, in order to know
how tight the conclusions are.
There are so many topics in Friam history that touch on this question
(how institutional frameworks function, what it really means to
aspire to a form of culture through our choice of formal
institutional commitments, and how close to the aspiration we ever
get with the ever-fragile machinery), from the importance of
incomplete markets to making much of microeconomic theory, and "micro-
foundations of macroeconomics" irrelevant, to the question of the
autonomy of thought from environment, that I see questions related to
this constantly on the list. It is also related to interests of my
own, which have to do with the relation of individuality (both
developmental and evolutionary) in relation to ecology, and to error-
correction in hierarchical complex systems, and the limits to what
kinds of function can actually be maintained robustly. It seems to
me that almost all the high-level abstractions about the intervention
of power in markets and politics can be nearly deconstructed, they
are so hard to think clearly about, but that these are excellent
questions to pursue.
Somebody several weeks ago (this time I'll have the sense not to use
the name I think I remember, in case I have it wrong again) commented
that Occupy seemed false because the participants wear clothes, eat
food, communicate with consumer electronics, and live in tents,
produced by the industrial economy, and therefore they lack the
consistency of Ghandi's followers who made their own salt and wore
khadi. That apparent distinction might be self-contained if the
claim were actually that corporate function is the enemy (and if one
could factor out differences in population, access to land and
coastline, the fact that you can go naked in most of India most of
the year without freezing, the huge differences across continent and
across time, making it much more difficult for all but a fraction of
people to find a space to survive outside the industrial economy and
the land and assets owned through it in the US today, etc.) but the
question becomes trickier if one takes the position that the
productive activities of corporations are not deemed bad per se, but
that their circumventing the regulatory apparatus that is supposed to
provide stability is regarded as the main problem. (Of course,
either of these could be the target, depending on which set of
problems we are discussing. The ecological economists, including
Herman Daly and followers, would indeed say that many forms of
production are themselves the problem, but I think that is a
different thread from the one you have raised, at least on a first
pass.) My sense, that the timing of the financial collapses, and the
many demonstrations of corruption by banks and bankers, which were
not really pursued to the extent that they could have been, and
suggested the tip of a much larger iceberg, as the trigger for the
start of Occupy, would support the distinction I draw here.
I hope that Bar-Yam et al.'s quantitative analysis, if not my own
post-processing of them, are useful in some way.
All best,
Eric
============================================================
FRIAM Applied Complexity Group listserv
Meets Fridays 9a-11:30 at cafe at St. John's College
lectures, archives, unsubscribe, maps at http://www.friam.org
