I mentioned these historic examples. The first describes a hydraulic
analog computer.
{The MONIAC (Monetary National Income Analogue Computer), also the
Phillips Hydraulic Computer and the Financephalograph, was created in
1949 by the New Zealand economist Bill Phillips to model the national
economic processes of the United Kingdom, while Phillips was a student
at the London School of Economics (LSE). The MONIAC is an analogue
computer which used fluidic logic to model the workings of an economy.
The MONIAC name is suggested by associating money and ENIAC, an early
electronic digital computer.}
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MONIAC
This second subject, explains an algorithm's mistaken assumption. Its
economic cost was USD 1.2 billion, or EUR 1.1 billion!
{Put in place in July 2016 and announced to the public in December of
the same year,[6][7] the scheme aimed to replace the formerly manual
system of calculating overpayments and issuing debt notices to welfare
recipients with an automated data-matching system that compared
Centrelink records with averaged income data from the Australian
Taxation Office.[5][6]}
{The Australian government lost a 2019 lawsuit over the legality of the
income averaging process, and settled a class action lawsuit in 2020.
The scheme was further condemned by Federal Court Justice Bernard Murphy
in his June 2021 ruling against the Government where he approved a A$1.8
billion settlement including repayments of debts paid, wiping of
outstanding debts, and legal costs.[17]}
{"That the Department of Human Services should resume full
responsibility for calculating verifiable debts (including manual
checking) relating to income support overpayments, which are based on
actual fortnightly earnings and not an assumed average; and provide
those issued debt notices with the debt calculation data required to be
assured any debts are correct".}
{In November 2019, the federal government agreed to orders by the
Federal Court of Australia in Amato v the Commonwealth that the
averaging process using ATO income data to calculate debts was unlawful,
and announced that it would no longer raise debts without first
gathering evidence – such as payslips – to prove a person had
underreported their earnings to Centrelink.[1][2]}
{On 31 May 2020, Attorney-General Christian Porter, who was Minister for
Social Services when the Robodebt system was first implemented, and who
had previously defended the scheme,[33] conceded that the use of
averaged income data to calculate welfare overpayments was unlawful,
stating that there was "no lawful basis for it".[9][47]}
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robodebt_scheme
{The report concluded that the robodebt scheme was "devised without
regard to the social security law", and that the use of income averaging
in estimating entitlements "was essentially unfair, treating many people
as though they had received income at a time when they had not".[20]}
{In the aftermath of the final report, Kathryn Campbell, secretary of
the Department of Human Services from 2011 to 2017, was suspended
without pay from her position as a special adviser on the AUKUS nuclear
submarine project, a position with a $900,000 salary.[27] Additionally,
a PwC consultant who testified to the Royal Commission was fired in the
hours after the final report was released.[28]}
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Commission_into_the_Robodebt_Scheme
--
My old address "kilgal...@iinet.net.au", will die 2 October!
My new address is "br...@exemail.com.au".
My phone number is 02-61049850, or +61-2-61049850.
My Website address is "http://members.pcug.org.au/~bryan/index.html";.
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