For learning some basics of assembler you should download the NASM, it is bundled with a documentation; more documentation should be found at the intel sides. Or e.g. try http://www.agner.org/assem
But keep in mind that the exact syntax differs from assembler to assembler. Also a good idea is to compile (little) pascal programs and look at the generated code (compile with the option "-al") A general assembler tutorial here would overflow this mail list. Gerhard -----Ursprüngliche Nachricht----- Von: "Pianoman" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> An: <fpc-pascal@lists.freepascal.org> Gesendet: Dienstag, 2. August 2005 17:22 Betreff: [fpc-pascal] fast integer multiplication and one asm questio > Hi, the UI32x32To64 function is great but is amazingly short. How can I > Specify which varriables in function will be accessed. In this function for > example it accesses a and b but source says mull (I don't know why not mul I > didnt find mull instruction in any assembly book) and %eax why mull %eax > multiplies a,b is it on the stack or why? If i would like to multiply a,b,c > what would look source code then? Thanx for response to those quite stupid > assembly question(I am only beginner in asm :) > Pianoman > ----- Original Message ----- > From: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> > To: <fpc-pascal@lists.freepascal.org> > Sent: Tuesday, August 02, 2005 12:00 PM > Subject: fpc-pascal Digest, Vol 12, Issue 2 > > > Send fpc-pascal mailing list submissions to > fpc-pascal@lists.freepascal.org > > To subscribe or unsubscribe via the World Wide Web, visit > http://lists.freepascal.org/mailman/listinfo/fpc-pascal > or, via email, send a message with subject or body 'help' to > [EMAIL PROTECTED] > > You can reach the person managing the list at > [EMAIL PROTECTED] > > When replying, please edit your Subject line so it is more specific > than "Re: Contents of fpc-pascal digest..." > > > Today's Topics: > > 1. Re: lazarus crash at start (Jesus Reyes) > 2. Re: fast integer multiplication (Gerhard Scholz) > 3. Can a program find out how it was started? > ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) > 4. Re: Can a program find out how it was started? (Moz) > > > ---------------------------------------------------------------------- > > Message: 1 > Date: Mon, 1 Aug 2005 11:21:10 -0500 (CDT) > From: Jesus Reyes <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> > Subject: Re: [fpc-pascal] lazarus crash at start > To: FPC-Pascal users discussions <fpc-pascal@lists.freepascal.org> > Message-ID: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 > > > --- Peter Vreman <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> escribió: > > > At 01:12 1-8-2005, you wrote: > > >Trying to find why lazarus crashes at start in win98 I found a > > courious > > >problem, global variable IsConsole is true when it should be false > > as > > >lazarus is built as a gui application. > > > > > >Digging I found that IsConsole is set in two functions in > > wprt0.as: > > >_mainCRTStartup sets to true and _WinMainCRTStartup sets to False, > > this > > >cause a wrong setup of standard Output that DebugLn (lclprocs.pas) > > use to > > >emit debug messages. > > > > > >It seems that this functions are 'used' in the linker script, for > > example > > >ld .--verbose shows that by default a ENTRY(_mainCRTStartup) it's > > used. I > > >looked into the generated lazarus link.res file and didn't find a > > ENTRY > > >section so I guess it uses the default and that's why even when > > lazarus is > > >a gui app, it's linked as a console app. > > > > > >To demostrate this I modified the link.res script to inculde > > >ENTRY(_WinMainCRTStartup) section and then linked, the resulting > > >lazarus.exe file now behaves as a gui app and won't crash at > > start. > > > > > >It seems that WriteResponseFile lacks the code to add the ENTRY > > section to > > >the link.res script but I don't know if it's supposed to be there > > or > > >should it be in another stage, any comments? > > > > You need to use {$apptype gui} or use the -WG parameter. For the > > compiler > > it is not known if the application needs a console or not. > > > > > > Peter > > > > Lazarus is already compiled with -WG > > Jesus Reyes A. > > > __________________________________________________ > Correo Yahoo! > Espacio para todos tus mensajes, antivirus y antispam ¡gratis! > Regístrate ya - http://correo.yahoo.com.mx/ > > > > ------------------------------ > > Message: 2 > Date: Mon, 1 Aug 2005 23:58:04 +0200 > From: "Gerhard Scholz" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> > Subject: Re: [fpc-pascal] fast integer multiplication > To: "FPC-Pascal users discussions" <fpc-pascal@lists.freepascal.org> > Message-ID: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" > > ... > >>The code generated for the above sample is: > >># [16] c:=a*b; > >> movl U_P$PROJECT1_A,%edx > >> movl U_P$PROJECT1_B,%eax > >> mull %edx > >> movl $0,%edx > >> movl %eax,U_P$PROJECT1_C > >> movl %edx,U_P$PROJECT1_C+4 > >> > >>What I want is the above code, but without the "movl $0,%edx" > >>instruction. Is there a way to do this (wihtout using fpc_mul_qword). > > > > > > Only assembler for now. Any suggestions how the compiler could be told > > to generate such code? > ... > >function UI32x32To64(A,B: Longword): QWord; > >assembler; register; nostackframe; > >asm > > mull %edx > >end; > > > >It is fast but certainly much less than if it were inlined. > > My suggestion would be: > > FUNCTION lmul ( CONST a, > b : LongInt ) : int64 ; inline ; > > BEGIN > {$ifdef cpu86} > ASM > movl a,%eax > imull b > movl %eax,lmul > movl %edx,lmul+4 > END ; > {$else} > {$ifdef cpu68k} > lmul := int64 ( a ) * b ; > {$else} > {$ifdef cpusparc} > lmul := int64 ( a ) * b ; > {$else} > {$ifdef cpualpha} > lmul := int64 ( a ) * b ; > {$else} > {$ifdef cpupowerpc} > lmul := int64 ( a ) * b ; > {$else} > lmul := int64 ( a ) * b ; > {$endif} > {$endif} > {$endif} > {$endif} > {$endif} > END ; > > and similar for unsigned mul. > > (shortened here; full code in ulmul.pas; liitle test in tmuls.pas, timing > routines in > wtimer/tdrsc1) > > Is portable so code doesn't need to be rewritten when compiled for other > processors (but not optimal then) > > Tested only on i386. > > Seems to be faster than standard multiplication (interesting: significantly > faster for signed mul than for unsigned mul), can be assembly-coded in the > branches for the other cpus > (if there are opcodes for such a multiplication - I don't know), could go to > unit math.pp. > > It seems that routines which contain assembler are not inlined; on the day > somebody finds a trick to inline such code they should be really fast. > > Gerhard > -------------- next part -------------- > A non-text attachment was scrubbed... > Name: ULMUL.pas > Type: application/octet-stream > Size: 2604 bytes > Desc: not available > Url : > http://lists.freepascal.org/pipermail/fpc-pascal/attachments/20050801/86cde0 > 70/ULMUL-0001.obj > -------------- next part -------------- > A non-text attachment was scrubbed... > Name: tmuls.pas > Type: application/octet-stream > Size: 1291 bytes > Desc: not available > Url : > http://lists.freepascal.org/pipermail/fpc-pascal/attachments/20050801/86cde0 > 70/tmuls-0001.obj > -------------- next part -------------- > A non-text attachment was scrubbed... > Name: WTIMER.pas > Type: application/octet-stream > Size: 1645 bytes > Desc: not available > Url : > http://lists.freepascal.org/pipermail/fpc-pascal/attachments/20050801/86cde0 > 70/WTIMER-0001.obj > -------------- next part -------------- > A non-text attachment was scrubbed... > Name: TDRSC1.pas > Type: application/octet-stream > Size: 2879 bytes > Desc: not available > Url : > http://lists.freepascal.org/pipermail/fpc-pascal/attachments/20050801/86cde0 > 70/TDRSC1-0001.obj > > ------------------------------ > > Message: 3 > Date: Tue, 2 Aug 2005 22:03:45 +1200 > From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] > Subject: [fpc-pascal] Can a program find out how it was started? > To: fpc-pascal@lists.freepascal.org > Message-ID: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 > > Greetings from New Zealand, > > I use fpc to compile programs intended to be run from the command line in a > cmd > window (Windows 2000, etc). Sometimes, though, new users try to start the > programs by double-clicking on the exe file (application icon). When the > program starts, I would like to be able to tell if they have done that, > so that I can present a special error message. > > So my question is: > Is it possible for a program to tell whether it was started from > the command line or started by double-clicking on the application icon? > > I tried checking ParamStr(0) and DOSVersion, but these have the same values > regardless of how the program was started. > > Any suggestions? > > Thank you for your time, > > Jeff Miller > > > > ------------------------------ > > Message: 4 > Date: Tue, 2 Aug 2005 19:25:13 +1000 > From: Moz <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> > Subject: Re: [fpc-pascal] Can a program find out how it was started? > To: FPC-Pascal users discussions <fpc-pascal@lists.freepascal.org> > Message-ID: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii > > [EMAIL PROTECTED] said: > > Sometimes, though, new users try to start the programs by > > double-clicking on the exe file (application icon). When the program > > starts, I would like to be able to tell if they have done that, so > > that I can present a special error message. > > One trivial solution is to drop a readline at the end of the help > routine. That way the cmd window stays open until they hit enter > (which you should tell them to do). Mildly annoying for people at the > command line if there's only a few lines of help, but solves the > problem. > > Moz > > > > > ------------------------------ > > _______________________________________________ > fpc-pascal maillist - fpc-pascal@lists.freepascal.org > http://lists.freepascal.org/mailman/listinfo/fpc-pascal > > > End of fpc-pascal Digest, Vol 12, Issue 2 > ***************************************** > > > __________ Informacia od NOD32 1.977 (20050120) __________ > > Tato sprava bola preverena antivirusovym systemom NOD32. > http://www.eset.sk > > > > > _______________________________________________ > fpc-pascal maillist - fpc-pascal@lists.freepascal.org > http://lists.freepascal.org/mailman/listinfo/fpc-pascal > _______________________________________________ fpc-pascal maillist - fpc-pascal@lists.freepascal.org http://lists.freepascal.org/mailman/listinfo/fpc-pascal
