Hi,
I have a few videos that have been shot upside down but lack the rotate
flag so they play upside down in e.g. VLC.
Here is an example :
https://www.swisstransfer.com/d/48602faa-73aa-4c6d-b3bf-d2db6b2ffe9c

I'd like to add the rotation information without reencoding. Many pages
indicate it can be done with "-metadata:s:v rotate=180".
That is deprecated and does not work (as you have already found out.

Use these instead (excerpt of the ffmpeg documenteation)

-display_rotation[:stream_specifier] rotation (/input,per-stream/)

   Set video rotation metadata.

   rotation is a decimal number specifying the amount in degree by
   which the video should be rotated counter-clockwise before being
   displayed.

   This option overrides the rotation/display transform metadata stored
   in the file, if any. When the video is being transcoded (rather than
   copied) and |-autorotate| is enabled, the video will be rotated at
   the filtering stage. Otherwise, the metadata will be written into
   the output file if the muxer supports it.

   If the |-display_hflip| and/or |-display_vflip| options are given,
   they are applied after the rotation specified by this option.

-display_hflip[:stream_specifier] (/input,per-stream/)

   Set whether on display the image should be horizontally flipped.

   See the |-display_rotation| option for more details.

-display_vflip[:stream_specifier] (/input,per-stream/)

   Set whether on display the image should be vertically flipped.

   See the |-display_rotation| option for more details.


These need to be set BEFORE the inputvideo (before -i)! For example 90 degree counter-clockwise rotation:

|ffmpeg -display_rotation:v:0 90.0 -i input.mp4 -c copy output.mp4|
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