Michael:

On 2023-12-27 13:51, Michael Koch wrote:
...I'm using this command line to print four consecutive random numbers:
...
I do not have an answer to your question about the behaviour of the random() function. However, I cannot reproduce your results on my machine. I get an error complaining about the video filter syntax instead.
C:\Users\astro\Desktop\LUT1D>ffmpeg -loglevel repeat -f lavfi -i color=gray:size=1x1,format=gray -vf geq=lum='st(0,0.123);print(random(0));print(random(0));print(random(0));print(random(0));0' -frames 1 -y out.png ffmpeg version 2023-12-23-git-f5f414d9c4-essentials_build-www.gyan.dev Copyright (c) 2000-2023 the FFmpeg developers
  built with gcc 12.2.0 (Rev10, Built by MSYS2 project)
  configuration: --enable-gpl --enable-version3 --enable-static --pkg-config=pkgconf --disable-w32threads --disable-autodetect --enable-fontconfig --enable-iconv --enable-gnutls --enable-libxml2 --enable-gmp --enable-bzlib --enable-lzma --enable-zlib --enable-libsrt --enable-libssh --enable-libzmq --enable-avisynth --enable-sdl2 --enable-libwebp --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libxvid --enable-libaom --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libvpx --enable-mediafoundation --enable-libass --enable-libfreetype --enable-libfribidi --enable-libharfbuzz --enable-libvidstab --enable-libvmaf --enable-libzimg --enable-amf --enable-cuda-llvm --enable-cuvid --enable-ffnvcodec --enable-nvdec --enable-nvenc --enable-dxva2 --enable-d3d11va --enable-libvpl --enable-libgme --enable-libopenmpt --enable-libopencore-amrwb --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libtheora --enable-libvo-amrwbenc --enable-libgsm --enable-libopencore-amrnb --enable-libopus --enable-libspeex --enable-libvorbis --enable-librubberband
  libavutil      58. 36.100 / 58. 36.100
  libavcodec     60. 36.100 / 60. 36.100
  libavformat    60. 20.100 / 60. 20.100
  libavdevice    60.  4.100 / 60.  4.100
  libavfilter     9. 14.101 /  9. 14.101
  libswscale      7.  6.100 /  7.  6.100
  libswresample   4. 13.100 /  4. 13.100
  libpostproc    57.  4.100 / 57.  4.100
Input #0, lavfi, from 'color=gray:size=1x1,format=gray':
  Duration: N/A, start: 0.000000, bitrate: N/A
  Stream #0:0: Video: wrapped_avframe, gray, 1x1 [SAR 1:1 DAR 1:1], 25 fps, 25 tbr, 25 tbn
Stream mapping:
  Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (wrapped_avframe (native) -> png (native))
Press [q] to stop, [?] for help
0.000000
0.000091
0.285346
0.929202
Output #0, image2, to 'out.png':
  Metadata:
    encoder         : Lavf60.20.100
  Stream #0:0: Video: png, gray(progressive), 1x1 [SAR 1:1 DAR 1:1], q=2-31, 200 kb/s, 25 fps, 25 tbn
      Metadata:
        encoder         : Lavc60.36.100 png
[image2 @ 000001eec3e15700] The specified filename 'out.png' does not contain an image sequence pattern or a pattern is invalid. [image2 @ 000001eec3e15700] Use a pattern such as %03d for an image sequence or use the -update option (with -frames:v 1 if needed) to write a single image. [out#0/image2 @ 000001eec3e15600] video:0kB audio:0kB subtitle:0kB other streams:0kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead: unknown frame=    1 fps=0.0 q=-0.0 Lsize=N/A time=00:00:00.04 bitrate=N/A speed= 1.8x

=====
% ffmpeg -loglevel repeat -f lavfi -i color=gray:size=1x1,format=gray -vf geq=lum='st(0,0.123);print(random(0));print(random(0));print(random(0));print(random(0));0' -frames 1 -y ~/tmp/ignore.png
ffmpeg version 4.4.4 Copyright (c) 2000-2023 the FFmpeg developers
  built with Apple clang version 14.0.0 (clang-1400.0.29.202)
  configuration: --prefix=/opt/local --cc=/usr/bin/clang --mandir=/opt/local/share/man --enable-audiotoolbox --disable-indev=jack --disable-libjack --disable-libopencore-amrnb --disable-libopencore-amrwb --enable-opencl --disable-outdev=xv --enable-sdl2 --disable-securetransport --enable-videotoolbox --enable-avfilter --enable-avresample --enable-fontconfig --enable-gnutls --enable-libass --enable-libbluray --enable-libdav1d --enable-libfreetype --enable-libfribidi --enable-libmodplug --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libopus --enable-librsvg --enable-libsoxr --enable-libspeex --enable-libtheora --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libzimg --enable-libzvbi --enable-lzma --enable-pthreads --enable-shared --enable-swscale --enable-zlib --enable-libaom --enable-libsvtav1 --arch=arm64 --enable-gpl --enable-libvidstab --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libxvid --enable-postproc
  libavutil      56. 70.100 / 56. 70.100
  libavcodec     58.134.100 / 58.134.100
  libavformat    58. 76.100 / 58. 76.100
  libavdevice    58. 13.100 / 58. 13.100
  libavfilter     7.110.100 /  7.110.100
  libavresample   4.  0.  0 /  4.  0.  0
  libswscale      5.  9.100 /  5.  9.100
  libswresample   3.  9.100 /  3.  9.100
  libpostproc    55.  9.100 / 55.  9.100
Input #0, lavfi, from 'color=gray:size=1x1,format=gray':
  Duration: N/A, start: 0.000000, bitrate: N/A
  Stream #0:0: Video: rawvideo (Y800 / 0x30303859), gray, 1x1 [SAR 1:1 DAR 1:1], 25 tbr, 25 tbn, 25 tbc
Stream mapping:
  Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (rawvideo (native) -> png (native))
Press [q] to stop, [?] for help
[Parsed_geq_0 @ 0x123705630] [Eval @ 0x16eefcef8] Missing ')' or too many args in 'st(0' [AVFilterGraph @ 0x124807b20] Error initializing filter 'geq' with args 'lum=st(0'
Error reinitializing filters!
Failed to inject frame into filter network: Invalid argument
Error while processing the decoded data for stream #0:0
Conversion failed!
=====

This is with FFMpeg 4.4.4 via MacPorts on macOS 12.7.2 Monterey.

Could you perhaps make a simpler command line invocation, which just runs random() and does not generate a grey image or write a file?

Hope this clears a way to helpful answers,
    —Jim DeLaHunt

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