On 29.3.2012, at 2.51, Jeff Gustafson wrote:

>> Most of the time is spent on usermode CPU code. I doubt the problem is dsync 
>> itself, most likely the problem is mdbox's saving code. Or possibly 
>> index/cache code. Try the same dsync backup for:
>> 
>> - mbox:/tmp/mbox
>> - mbox:/tmp/mbox:INDEX=MEMORY
>> - sdbox:/tmp/sdbox
> 
>       My tests show that maildir to mdbox or sdbox backup/conversions take
> about the same length in time. I noticed maybe a second or two
> difference between mdbox and sdbox). On a 3.1GB mailbox either one took
> about 6 minutes. Rsync, on the other hand, took less than a minute. I
> will re-run the tests with a maildir to maildir backup and see how long
> it takes.

Try also with INDEX=MEMORY, since the problem may be related to updating the 
indexes.

Another way to test if the problem is dsync or Dovecot's generic mail saving 
code is to run:

time doveadm -o mail=mdbox:/tmp/mdbox import mdbox:/path/to/real/mdbox "" all

Or if it's the mail reading code:

time doveadm fetch -u user@domain text all > /dev/null

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