> On 29 Nov 2017, at 23:13, Tony Finch <d...@dotat.at> wrote:
> ... you get an implicit referral from the cache (which can be upwards).

I just realised this might be a useful point.

Normal (downward) referrals come from authoritative data, and indicate the 
server is saying to the client, you need to ask here next; on the other hand 
these special kinds of referrals come from the cache. An implicit referral 
comes in a full-fat RD=1 RA=1 answer, and indicates the server is telling the 
client where the answer came from; if RD=0 or RA=0 you can get an upward 
referral, which indicates the server is telling the client where the server 
would ask next in order to fill its cache.

Normal (downward) referrals are instructions to iterative resolvers; implicit 
referrals and upward referrals are supposed to be cache-filling gossip (in the 
distributed systems sense of gossip protocols).

Tony.
-- 
f.anthony.n.finch  <d...@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at
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