On 24/11/2021 10:08, Olaf Meeuwissen via Dng wrote:
Hi Hendrik,
Hendrik Boom writes:
I'm setting up a new backup script that will do it all piecemeal so
that if a part of it fails, it can be retried without having to start
*everythng* over from scratch.
Which top-level filesystems should *not* be backed up.
To start with, I presumably shouldn't back up
/proc
/tmp
/dev (cause I'm using some version of *udev)
/mnt
ACK.
and I certainly should back up /var, /usr. /root, /bin,
/boot, /etc, /home, /lib, /lib64, /sbin
I wouldn't bother with /var/cache and /var/log but you're talking
top-level ;-)
... but if you run a nameserver you may well need:
/var/cache/bind
as that's where your zonefiles are ;-)
/boot is managed by installing kernel images and grub (using settings in
/etc/grub) so isn't all that important to include. At least on amd64.
But what about
/run
/srv
/sys
?
Both /run and /sys are tmpfs file systems. Not worth backing up.
However some admins put services in:
/srv
and some third-party suppliers of software place it in:
/opt
for example Sophos anti-virus.
Basically, you should only care about a subset of what lives below the
mount points listed by
df | grep ^/ | awk '{print $6}'
and make sure your backup command doesn't cross file system boundaries.
That should automatically exclude things like /dev, /proc, /run, /sys
and may (or may not) exclude /tmp (depending on installation choices).
As /mnt is meant for temporary mounts, that should be excluded too.
What are those even used for?
I would have pointed you to the FHS but as Lars pointed out already `man
7 hier` will tell.
Of course, if you don't use things like /srv and /opt, there's not much
of a cost to backing up the empty directories :-)
Hope this helps,
--
Olaf Meeuwissen, LPIC-2 FSF Associate Member since 2004-01-27
GnuPG key: F84A2DD9/B3C0 2F47 EA19 64F4 9F13 F43E B8A4 A88A F84A 2DD9
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