Sorry for resurrecting this old thread. But it is again (still?) relevant.
I have just noticed that for example GVim is not visible in Gnome Software. The failure listed here [1] is "Vetos Has no Icon" and I believe this [2] is the fix.
The situation is pretty complex to my taste. But in the GVim case, if the `<launchable>` tag is not included, the `appstream-builder` (also used to build the metadata for `appstream-data` RPM) inserts there this autogenerated version
~~~ <launchable type="desktop-id">org.vim.Vim.desktop</launchable> ~~~However, if you check the vim-X11 package, it provides `gvim.desktop` file. I think this might be common case for other Apps listed in [1].
BTW if you wonder how the data (including the report [1]) for `appstream-data` RPM are created, here [3] is the script. Locally, you can test the app data as follows. Given that you have your RPMs in current directory such as:
~~~ $ ll total 2176-rw-r--r--. 1 mockbuild mock 2142482 Oct 10 18:24 'vim-X11-9.1.737-1^1.fc42.x86_64.rpm' -rw-r--r--. 1 mockbuild 1000 81103 Oct 14 15:32 vim-command-t-5.0.5-1.fc42.x86_64.rpm
~~~ You can build the data: ~~~$ appstream-builder --verbose --packages-dir=. --output-dir=./repodata --basename=fedora-41 --origin=fedora
~~~ Install them into some DESTDIR: ~~~$ DESTDIR=test appstream-util -v install-origin fedora repodata/{fedora-41.xml.gz,fedora-41-icons.tar.gz}
~~~And copy them into location, where they are typically installed by `appstream-data` RPM:
~~~$ sudo cp ~/test/usr/share/app-info/xmls/fedora.xml.gz /usr/share/swcatalog/xml/
~~~ (Stop and) Start the Gnome Software from CLI: ~~~ $ gnome-software --quit; gnome-software --verbose ~~~But please note that there are other ways G-S can obtain the AppData, such as pulling the from repos (Copr should be able to build those, but not sure if that works, it did not work for me today, but I might be wrong or it does not work for addons, not sure).
HTH Vít [1]: https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/alt/screenshots/f41/failed.html [2]: https://src.fedoraproject.org/rpms/vim/pull-request/32[3]: https://github.com/hughsie/appstream-scripts/blob/master/fedora/fedora-rawhide.sh
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