Re: [edk2-devel] Casting i128 into f64 in UEFI Rust pagefaults

Mon, 25 Jul 2022 22:43:58 -0700

Hi Andrew. Thanks for all your work. The more I look at this, the more it feels like it might be a problem on the LLVM side instead of Rust. I also found some more tests (all related to numbers btw) which can cause different types of exceptions, so I think I will try filing bugs upstream. 

Yours Sincerely,

Ayush Singh


On 7/26/22 00:24, Andrew Fish wrote:
I guess I could at least dump to the end (req)…. Going backwards is a bit painful in x86. 

(lldb) dis -s 0x0000000140001B60 -b -c 30
hello_world_std.efi[0x140001b60]: 48 8b 09                       movq   (%rcx), %rcx
hello_world_std.efi[0x140001b63]: 48 01 c1                       addq   %rax, %rcx
hello_world_std.efi[0x140001b66]: 4c 89 c2                       movq   %r8, %rdx
hello_world_std.efi[0x140001b69]: 48 11 c2                       adcq   %rax, %rdx
hello_world_std.efi[0x140001b6c]: 48 31 c1                       xorq   %rax, %rcx
hello_world_std.efi[0x140001b6f]: 48 31 c2                       xorq   %rax, %rdx
hello_world_std.efi[0x140001b72]: 48 be 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 80  movabsq $-0x8000000000000000, %rsi ; imm = 0x8000000000000000
hello_world_std.efi[0x140001b7c]: 4c 21 c6                       andq   %r8, %rsi
hello_world_std.efi[0x140001b7f]: e8 5c 55 00 00                 callq  0x1400070e0
hello_world_std.efi[0x140001b84]: 48 09 f0                       orq    %rsi, %rax
hello_world_std.efi[0x140001b87]: 48 83 c4 20                    addq   $0x20, %rsp
hello_world_std.efi[0x140001b8b]: 5e                             popq   %rsi 

hello_world_std.efi[0x140001b8c]: c3                             retq

hello_world_std.efi[0x140001b8d]: cc                             int3

hello_world_std.efi[0x140001b8e]: cc                             int3

hello_world_std.efi[0x140001b8f]: cc                             int3
hello_world_std.efi[0x140001b90]: e9 db 55 00 00                 jmp    0x140007170 

hello_world_std.efi[0x140001b95]: cc                             int3

…

Then we can guess based on how functions get aligned to find the start….
hello_world_std.efi[0x140001b50]: 56                                   pushq  %rsi
hello_world_std.efi[0x140001b51]: 48 83 ec 20                          subq   $0x20, %rsp
hello_world_std.efi[0x140001b55]: 4c 8b 41 08                          movq   0x8(%rcx), %r8
hello_world_std.efi[0x140001b59]: 4c 89 c0                             movq   %r8, %rax
hello_world_std.efi[0x140001b5c]: 48 c1 f8 3f                          sarq   $0x3f, %rax
hello_world_std.efi[0x140001b60]: 48 8b 09                             movq   (%rcx), %rcx
hello_world_std.efi[0x140001b63]: 48 01 c1                             addq   %rax, %rcx
hello_world_std.efi[0x140001b66]: 4c 89 c2                             movq   %r8, %rdx
hello_world_std.efi[0x140001b69]: 48 11 c2                             adcq   %rax, %rdx
hello_world_std.efi[0x140001b6c]: 48 31 c1                             xorq   %rax, %rcx
hello_world_std.efi[0x140001b6f]: 48 31 c2                             xorq   %rax, %rdx
hello_world_std.efi[0x140001b72]: 48 be 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 80        movabsq $-0x8000000000000000, %rsi ; imm = 0x8000000000000000
hello_world_std.efi[0x140001b7c]: 4c 21 c6                             andq   %r8, %rsi
hello_world_std.efi[0x140001b7f]: e8 5c 55 00 00                       callq  0x1400070e0
hello_world_std.efi[0x140001b84]: 48 09 f0                             orq    %rsi, %rax
hello_world_std.efi[0x140001b87]: 48 83 c4 20                          addq   $0x20, %rsp
hello_world_std.efi[0x140001b8b]: 5e                                   popq   %rsi
hello_world_std.efi[0x140001b8c]: c3                                   retq 


So the faulting function is getting passed a bad pointer as its 1st arg.

Thanks,

Andrew Fish


On Jul 25, 2022, at 11:45 AM, Andrew Fish <af...@apple.com> wrote:
Ops… Looks like your PE/COFF is linked at 0x0000000140000000, so 0x140001b60 is the interesting bit. 

(lldb) dis -s 0x0000000140001B60 -b
hello_world_std.efi[0x140001b60]: 48 8b 09                       movq   (%rcx), %rcx hello_world_std.efi[0x140001b63]: 48 01 c1                       addq   %rax, %rcx hello_world_std.efi[0x140001b66]: 4c 89 c2                       movq   %r8, %rdx hello_world_std.efi[0x140001b69]: 48 11 c2                       adcq   %rax, %rdx hello_world_std.efi[0x140001b6c]: 48 31 c1                       xorq   %rax, %rcx hello_world_std.efi[0x140001b6f]: 48 31 c2                       xorq   %rax, %rdx hello_world_std.efi[0x140001b72]: 48 be 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 80  movabsq $-0x8000000000000000, %rsi ; imm = 0x8000000000000000 hello_world_std.efi[0x140001b7c]: 4c 21 c6                       andq   %r8, %rsi 

 RCX - FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF

So yea that looks like the fault.

I don’t see that pattern in your .s file….
Can you figure out what function is @ 0x140001b60 in the PE/COFF image. Do you have a map file from the linker? 

Thanks,

Andrew Fish

PS Again sorry I don’t have anything installed to crack PDB files.

Thanks,

Andrew Fish
On Jul 25, 2022, at 10:51 AM, Andrew Fish via groups.io <afish=apple....@groups.io> wrote: 

Ayush,
CR2 is the fault address so 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF. Given for EFI Virt == Physical the fault address looks like a bad pointer.
Sorry I’ve not used VC++ in a long time so I don’t know how to debug with VC++, but If I was using clang/lldb I’d look at the source and assembly for the fault address. 

The image base is: 0x000000000603C000
The fault PC/RIP is: 000000000603DB60
So the faulting code is at 0x1B60 in the image. Given the images are linked at zero you should be able to load the build product into the debugger and look at what code is at offset 0x1B60. The same should work for any tools that dump the binary. 

Thanks,

Andrew Fish
On Jul 25, 2022, at 10:33 AM, Ayush Singh <ayushdevel1...@gmail.com> wrote:
Hello everyone.While running Rust tests in UEFI environment, I have come across a numeric test that causes a pagefault. A simple reproducible example for this is given below: 

```rust

fn main() {
    use std::hint::black_box as b;

    let z: i128 = b(1);
assert!((-z as f64) < 0.0);
}

```


The exception output is as follows:

```
!!!! X64 Exception Type - 0E(#PF - Page-Fault) CPU Apic ID - 00000000 !!!! 
ExceptionData - 0000000000000000 I:0 R:0 U:0 W:0 P:0 PK:0 SS:0 SGX:0
RIP  - 000000000603DB60, CS  - 0000000000000038, RFLAGS - 0000000000000246 
RAX  - 0000000000000000, RCX - FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF, RDX - FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF
RBX  - 0000000000000000, RSP - 0000000007EDF1D0, RBP - 0000000007EDF4C0
RSI  - 0000000007EDF360, RDI - 0000000007EDF3C0
R8   - 0000000000000000, R9  - 0000000000000038, R10 - 0000000000000000
R11  - 0000000000000000, R12 - 00000000060C6018, R13 - 0000000007EDF520
R14  - 0000000007EDF6A8, R15 - 0000000005FA9490
DS   - 0000000000000030, ES  - 0000000000000030, FS  - 0000000000000030
GS   - 0000000000000030, SS  - 0000000000000030
CR0  - 0000000080010033, CR2 - FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF, CR3 - 0000000007C01000
CR4  - 0000000000000668, CR8 - 0000000000000000
DR0  - 0000000000000000, DR1 - 0000000000000000, DR2 - 0000000000000000
DR3  - 0000000000000000, DR6 - 00000000FFFF0FF0, DR7 - 0000000000000400
GDTR - 00000000079DE000 0000000000000047, LDTR - 0000000000000000
IDTR - 0000000007418018 0000000000000FFF, TR - 0000000000000000
FXSAVE_STATE - 0000000007EDEE30
!!!! Find image based on IP(0x603DB60) /var/home/ayush/Documents/Programming/Rust/uefi/hello_world_std/target/x86_64-unknown-uefi/debug/deps/hello_world_std-338028f9369e2d42.pdb (ImageBase=000000000603C000, EntryPoint=000000000603D8C0) !!!! 

```
From my testing, the exception only occurs when a few conditions are met. 

1. The binary is compiled in Debug mode. No error in Release mode.
2. `i128` is in a black_box [1]. Does not occur if `black_box` is not present. 

3. It has to be `i128`. `i64` or something else work fine.

4. The cast has to be done on `-z`. Doing the same with `+z` is fine.
I have also been discussing this in the Rust zulipchat [2], so feel free to chime in there. 


Additionally, here are links for more information about this program:
1. Assembly:https://rust-lang.zulipchat.com/user_uploads/4715/od51Y9Dkfjahcg9HHcOud8Fm/hello_world_std-338028f9369e2d42.s
2. EFI Binary:https://rust-lang.zulipchat.com/user_uploads/4715/CknqtXLR8SaJZmyOnXctQkpL/hello_world_std.efi
3. PDB file:https://rust-lang.zulipchat.com/user_uploads/4715/zV4i6DsjgQXotp_gS1naEsU0/hello_world_std-338028f9369e2d42.pdb 


Yours Sincerely,

Ayush Singh


[1]:https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/hint/fn.black_box.html

[2]:https://rust-lang.zulipchat.com/#narrow/stream/182449-t-compiler.2Fhelp/topic/Casting.20i128.20to.20f64.20in.20black_box.20causes.20exception.20in.20UEFI













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