On Mon, 2019-01-28 at 12:14 -0600, Gage Eads wrote:
> 64-bit head and tail index widths greatly increases the time it takes for
> them to wrap-around (with current CPU speeds, it won't happen within the
> author's lifetime). This is fundamental to avoiding the ABA problem -- in
> which a thread mistakes reading the same tail index in two accesses to mean
> that the ring was not modified in the intervening time -- in the upcoming
> non-blocking ring implementation. Using a 64-bit index makes the
> possibility of this occurring effectively zero.
Just an observation.
The following invariant holds (using ring_size instead of mask):
∀ index: ring[index % ring_size].index % ring_size == index % ring_size
i.e. the N (N=log2 ring size) lsb of ring[].index will always be the same (for a
specific slot) so serve no purpose.

This means we don't have to store the whole index in each slot, it is enough to
store "index / ring_size" (which I call the lap counter). This could be useful
for an implementation for 32-bit platforms which support 64-bit CAS (to write
the slot ptr & index (lap counter) atomically) and uses 64-bit head & tail
indexes (to avoid the quick wrap around you would have with 32-bit ring
indexes).

So
ring[index % ring_size].lap = index / ring_size;

An implementation could of course use bitwise-and instead of modulo and bitwise-
right shift instead of division. The 2-logaritm of ring_size should also be pre-
calcucated and stored in the ring buffer metadata.

-- Ola

> 
> This commit places the new producer and consumer structures in the same
> location in struct rte_ring as their 32-bit counterparts. Since the 32-bit
> versions are padded out to a cache line, there is space for the new
> structure without affecting the layout of struct rte_ring. Thus, the ABI is
> preserved.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Gage Eads <gage.e...@intel.com>
> ---
>  lib/librte_ring/rte_ring.h         |  23 +++++-
>  lib/librte_ring/rte_ring_c11_mem.h | 153
> +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
>  lib/librte_ring/rte_ring_generic.h | 139 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
>  3 files changed, 312 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/lib/librte_ring/rte_ring.h b/lib/librte_ring/rte_ring.h
> index af5444a9f..00dfb5b85 100644
> --- a/lib/librte_ring/rte_ring.h
> +++ b/lib/librte_ring/rte_ring.h
> @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
>  /* SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
>   *
> - * Copyright (c) 2010-2017 Intel Corporation
> + * Copyright (c) 2010-2019 Intel Corporation
>   * Copyright (c) 2007-2009 Kip Macy km...@freebsd.org
>   * All rights reserved.
>   * Derived from FreeBSD's bufring.h
> @@ -70,6 +70,15 @@ struct rte_ring_headtail {
>       uint32_t single;         /**< True if single prod/cons */
>  };
>  
> +/* 64-bit version of rte_ring_headtail, for use by rings that need to avoid
> + * head/tail wrap-around.
> + */
> +struct rte_ring_headtail_64 {
> +     volatile uint64_t head;  /**< Prod/consumer head. */
> +     volatile uint64_t tail;  /**< Prod/consumer tail. */
> +     uint32_t single;       /**< True if single prod/cons */
> +};
> +
>  /**
>   * An RTE ring structure.
>   *
> @@ -97,11 +106,19 @@ struct rte_ring {
>       char pad0 __rte_cache_aligned; /**< empty cache line */
>  
>       /** Ring producer status. */
> -     struct rte_ring_headtail prod __rte_cache_aligned;
> +     RTE_STD_C11
> +     union {
> +             struct rte_ring_headtail prod __rte_cache_aligned;
> +             struct rte_ring_headtail_64 prod_64 __rte_cache_aligned;
> +     };
>       char pad1 __rte_cache_aligned; /**< empty cache line */
>  
>       /** Ring consumer status. */
> -     struct rte_ring_headtail cons __rte_cache_aligned;
> +     RTE_STD_C11
> +     union {
> +             struct rte_ring_headtail cons __rte_cache_aligned;
> +             struct rte_ring_headtail_64 cons_64 __rte_cache_aligned;
> +     };
>       char pad2 __rte_cache_aligned; /**< empty cache line */
>  };
>  
> diff --git a/lib/librte_ring/rte_ring_c11_mem.h
> b/lib/librte_ring/rte_ring_c11_mem.h
> index 0fb73a337..47acd4c7c 100644
> --- a/lib/librte_ring/rte_ring_c11_mem.h
> +++ b/lib/librte_ring/rte_ring_c11_mem.h
> @@ -178,4 +178,157 @@ __rte_ring_move_cons_head(struct rte_ring *r, int is_sc,
>       return n;
>  }
>  
> +/**
> + * @internal This function updates the producer head for enqueue using
> + *        64-bit head/tail values.
> + *
> + * @param r
> + *   A pointer to the ring structure
> + * @param is_sp
> + *   Indicates whether multi-producer path is needed or not
> + * @param n
> + *   The number of elements we will want to enqueue, i.e. how far should the
> + *   head be moved
> + * @param behavior
> + *   RTE_RING_QUEUE_FIXED:    Enqueue a fixed number of items from a ring
> + *   RTE_RING_QUEUE_VARIABLE: Enqueue as many items as possible from ring
> + * @param old_head
> + *   Returns head value as it was before the move, i.e. where enqueue starts
> + * @param new_head
> + *   Returns the current/new head value i.e. where enqueue finishes
> + * @param free_entries
> + *   Returns the amount of free space in the ring BEFORE head was moved
> + * @return
> + *   Actual number of objects enqueued.
> + *   If behavior == RTE_RING_QUEUE_FIXED, this will be 0 or n only.
> + */
> +static __rte_always_inline unsigned int
> +__rte_ring_move_prod_head_64(struct rte_ring *r, unsigned int is_sp,
> +             unsigned int n, enum rte_ring_queue_behavior behavior,
> +             uint64_t *old_head, uint64_t *new_head,
> +             uint32_t *free_entries)
> +{
> +     const uint32_t capacity = r->capacity;
> +     uint64_t cons_tail;
> +     unsigned int max = n;
> +     int success;
> +
> +     *old_head = __atomic_load_n(&r->prod_64.head, __ATOMIC_RELAXED);
> +     do {
> +             /* Reset n to the initial burst count */
> +             n = max;
> +
> +             /* Ensure the head is read before tail */
> +             __atomic_thread_fence(__ATOMIC_ACQUIRE);
> +
> +             /* load-acquire synchronize with store-release of ht->tail
> +              * in update_tail.
> +              */
> +             cons_tail = __atomic_load_n(&r->cons_64.tail,
> +                                     __ATOMIC_ACQUIRE);
> +
> +             /* The subtraction is done between two unsigned 32bits value
> +              * (the result is always modulo 32 bits even if we have
> +              * *old_head > cons_tail). So 'free_entries' is always
> between 0
> +              * and capacity (which is < size).
> +              */
> +             *free_entries = (capacity + cons_tail - *old_head);
> +
> +             /* check that we have enough room in ring */
> +             if (unlikely(n > *free_entries))
> +                     n = (behavior == RTE_RING_QUEUE_FIXED) ?
> +                                     0 : *free_entries;
> +
> +             if (n == 0)
> +                     return 0;
> +
> +             *new_head = *old_head + n;
> +             if (is_sp)
> +                     r->prod_64.head = *new_head, success = 1;
> +             else
> +                     /* on failure, *old_head is updated */
> +                     success = __atomic_compare_exchange_n(&r-
> >prod_64.head,
> +                                     old_head, *new_head,
> +                                     0, __ATOMIC_RELAXED,
> +                                     __ATOMIC_RELAXED);
> +     } while (unlikely(success == 0));
> +     return n;
> +}
> +
> +/**
> + * @internal This function updates the consumer head for dequeue using
> + *        64-bit head/tail values.
> + *
> + * @param r
> + *   A pointer to the ring structure
> + * @param is_sc
> + *   Indicates whether multi-consumer path is needed or not
> + * @param n
> + *   The number of elements we will want to enqueue, i.e. how far should the
> + *   head be moved
> + * @param behavior
> + *   RTE_RING_QUEUE_FIXED:    Dequeue a fixed number of items from a ring
> + *   RTE_RING_QUEUE_VARIABLE: Dequeue as many items as possible from ring
> + * @param old_head
> + *   Returns head value as it was before the move, i.e. where dequeue starts
> + * @param new_head
> + *   Returns the current/new head value i.e. where dequeue finishes
> + * @param entries
> + *   Returns the number of entries in the ring BEFORE head was moved
> + * @return
> + *   - Actual number of objects dequeued.
> + *     If behavior == RTE_RING_QUEUE_FIXED, this will be 0 or n only.
> + */
> +static __rte_always_inline unsigned int
> +__rte_ring_move_cons_head_64(struct rte_ring *r, unsigned int is_sc,
> +             unsigned int n, enum rte_ring_queue_behavior behavior,
> +             uint64_t *old_head, uint64_t *new_head,
> +             uint32_t *entries)
> +{
> +     unsigned int max = n;
> +     uint64_t prod_tail;
> +     int success;
> +
> +     /* move cons.head atomically */
> +     *old_head = __atomic_load_n(&r->cons_64.head, __ATOMIC_RELAXED);
> +     do {
> +             /* Restore n as it may change every loop */
> +             n = max;
> +
> +             /* Ensure the head is read before tail */
> +             __atomic_thread_fence(__ATOMIC_ACQUIRE);
> +
> +             /* this load-acquire synchronize with store-release of ht-
> >tail
> +              * in update_tail.
> +              */
> +             prod_tail = __atomic_load_n(&r->prod_64.tail,
> +                                     __ATOMIC_ACQUIRE);
> +
> +             /* The subtraction is done between two unsigned 32bits value
> +              * (the result is always modulo 32 bits even if we have
> +              * cons_head > prod_tail). So 'entries' is always between 0
> +              * and size(ring)-1.
> +              */
> +             *entries = (prod_tail - *old_head);
> +
> +             /* Set the actual entries for dequeue */
> +             if (n > *entries)
> +                     n = (behavior == RTE_RING_QUEUE_FIXED) ? 0 :
> *entries;
> +
> +             if (unlikely(n == 0))
> +                     return 0;
> +
> +             *new_head = *old_head + n;
> +             if (is_sc)
> +                     r->cons_64.head = *new_head, success = 1;
> +             else
> +                     /* on failure, *old_head will be updated */
> +                     success = __atomic_compare_exchange_n(&r-
> >cons_64.head,
> +                                                     old_head, *new_head,
> +                                                     0, __ATOMIC_RELAXED,
> +                                                     __ATOMIC_RELAXED);
> +     } while (unlikely(success == 0));
> +     return n;
> +}
> +
>  #endif /* _RTE_RING_C11_MEM_H_ */
> diff --git a/lib/librte_ring/rte_ring_generic.h
> b/lib/librte_ring/rte_ring_generic.h
> index ea7dbe5b9..2158e092a 100644
> --- a/lib/librte_ring/rte_ring_generic.h
> +++ b/lib/librte_ring/rte_ring_generic.h
> @@ -167,4 +167,143 @@ __rte_ring_move_cons_head(struct rte_ring *r, unsigned
> int is_sc,
>       return n;
>  }
>  
> +/**
> + * @internal This function updates the producer head for enqueue using
> + *        64-bit head/tail values.
> + *
> + * @param r
> + *   A pointer to the ring structure
> + * @param is_sp
> + *   Indicates whether multi-producer path is needed or not
> + * @param n
> + *   The number of elements we will want to enqueue, i.e. how far should the
> + *   head be moved
> + * @param behavior
> + *   RTE_RING_QUEUE_FIXED:    Enqueue a fixed number of items from a ring
> + *   RTE_RING_QUEUE_VARIABLE: Enqueue as many items as possible from ring
> + * @param old_head
> + *   Returns head value as it was before the move, i.e. where enqueue starts
> + * @param new_head
> + *   Returns the current/new head value i.e. where enqueue finishes
> + * @param free_entries
> + *   Returns the amount of free space in the ring BEFORE head was moved
> + * @return
> + *   Actual number of objects enqueued.
> + *   If behavior == RTE_RING_QUEUE_FIXED, this will be 0 or n only.
> + */
> +static __rte_always_inline unsigned int
> +__rte_ring_move_prod_head_64(struct rte_ring *r, unsigned int is_sp,
> +             unsigned int n, enum rte_ring_queue_behavior behavior,
> +             uint64_t *old_head, uint64_t *new_head,
> +             uint32_t *free_entries)
> +{
> +     const uint32_t capacity = r->capacity;
> +     unsigned int max = n;
> +     int success;
> +
> +     do {
> +             /* Reset n to the initial burst count */
> +             n = max;
> +
> +             *old_head = r->prod_64.head;
> +
> +             /* add rmb barrier to avoid load/load reorder in weak
> +              * memory model. It is noop on x86
> +              */
> +             rte_smp_rmb();
> +
> +             /*
> +              *  The subtraction is done between two unsigned 64bits value
> +              * (the result is always modulo 64 bits even if we have
> +              * *old_head > cons_tail). So 'free_entries' is always
> between 0
> +              * and capacity (which is < size).
> +              */
> +             *free_entries = (capacity + r->cons_64.tail - *old_head);
> +
> +             /* check that we have enough room in ring */
> +             if (unlikely(n > *free_entries))
> +                     n = (behavior == RTE_RING_QUEUE_FIXED) ?
> +                                     0 : *free_entries;
> +
> +             if (n == 0)
> +                     return 0;
> +
> +             *new_head = *old_head + n;
> +             if (is_sp)
> +                     r->prod_64.head = *new_head, success = 1;
> +             else
> +                     success = rte_atomic64_cmpset(&r->prod_64.head,
> +                                     *old_head, *new_head);
> +     } while (unlikely(success == 0));
> +     return n;
> +}
> +
> +/**
> + * @internal This function updates the consumer head for dequeue using
> + *        64-bit head/tail values.
> + *
> + * @param r
> + *   A pointer to the ring structure
> + * @param is_sc
> + *   Indicates whether multi-consumer path is needed or not
> + * @param n
> + *   The number of elements we will want to enqueue, i.e. how far should the
> + *   head be moved
> + * @param behavior
> + *   RTE_RING_QUEUE_FIXED:    Dequeue a fixed number of items from a ring
> + *   RTE_RING_QUEUE_VARIABLE: Dequeue as many items as possible from ring
> + * @param old_head
> + *   Returns head value as it was before the move, i.e. where dequeue starts
> + * @param new_head
> + *   Returns the current/new head value i.e. where dequeue finishes
> + * @param entries
> + *   Returns the number of entries in the ring BEFORE head was moved
> + * @return
> + *   - Actual number of objects dequeued.
> + *     If behavior == RTE_RING_QUEUE_FIXED, this will be 0 or n only.
> + */
> +static __rte_always_inline unsigned int
> +__rte_ring_move_cons_head_64(struct rte_ring *r, unsigned int is_sc,
> +             unsigned int n, enum rte_ring_queue_behavior behavior,
> +             uint64_t *old_head, uint64_t *new_head,
> +             uint32_t *entries)
> +{
> +     unsigned int max = n;
> +     int success;
> +
> +     do {
> +             /* Restore n as it may change every loop */
> +             n = max;
> +
> +             *old_head = r->cons_64.head;
> +
> +             /* add rmb barrier to avoid load/load reorder in weak
> +              * memory model. It is noop on x86
> +              */
> +             rte_smp_rmb();
> +
> +             /* The subtraction is done between two unsigned 64bits value
> +              * (the result is always modulo 64 bits even if we have
> +              * cons_head > prod_tail). So 'entries' is always between 0
> +              * and size(ring)-1.
> +              */
> +             *entries = (r->prod_64.tail - *old_head);
> +
> +             /* Set the actual entries for dequeue */
> +             if (n > *entries)
> +                     n = (behavior == RTE_RING_QUEUE_FIXED) ? 0 :
> *entries;
> +
> +             if (unlikely(n == 0))
> +                     return 0;
> +
> +             *new_head = *old_head + n;
> +             if (is_sc)
> +                     r->cons_64.head = *new_head, success = 1;
> +             else
> +                     success = rte_atomic64_cmpset(&r->cons_64.head,
> +                                     *old_head, *new_head);
> +     } while (unlikely(success == 0));
> +     return n;
> +}
> +
>  #endif /* _RTE_RING_GENERIC_H_ */
-- 
Ola Liljedahl, Networking System Architect, Arm
Phone +46706866373, Skype ola.liljedahl

Reply via email to