sijie commented on a change in pull request #305: Issue 305: New Release Guide
URL: https://github.com/apache/bookkeeper/pull/305#discussion_r131527628
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File path: site/community/release_guide.md
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+# Apache BookKeeper Release Guide
+
+* TOC
+{:toc}
+
+This page documents the procedure to make an Apache BookKeeper release.
+
+## Introduction
+
+The Apache BookKeeper project periodically declares and publishes releases. A
release is one or more packages of the project artifact(s) that are approved
for general public distribution and use. They may come with various degrees of
caveat regarding their perceived quality and potential for change, such as
?alpha?, ?beta?, ?incubating?, ?stable?, etc.
+
+The BookKeeper community treats releases with great importance. They are a
public face of the project and most users interact with the project only
through the releases. Releases are signed off by the entire BookKeeper
community in a public vote.
+
+Each release is executed by a *Release Manager*, who is selected among the
[BookKeeper committers](http://bookkeeper.apache.org/credits.html). This
document describes the process that the Release Manager follows to perform a
release. Any changes to this process should be discussed and adopted on the
[dev@ mailing list](http://bookkeeper.apache.org/lists.html).
+
+Please remember that publishing software has legal consequences. This guide
complements the foundation-wide [Product Release
Policy](http://www.apache.org/dev/release.html) and [Release Distribution
Policy](http://www.apache.org/dev/release-distribution).
+
+## Overview
+
+The release process consists of several steps:
+
+1. Decide to release
+2. Prepare for the release
+3. Build a release candidate
+4. Vote on the release candidate
+5. If necessary, fix any issues and go back to step 3.
+6. Finalize the release
+7. Promote the release
+
+**********
+
+## Decide to release
+
+Deciding to release and selecting a Release Manager is the first step of the
release process. This is a consensus-based decision of the entire community.
+
+Anybody can propose a release on the dev@ mailing list, giving a solid
argument and nominating a committer as the Release Manager (including
themselves). There?s no formal process, no vote requirements, and no timing
requirements. Any objections should be resolved by consensus before starting
the release.
+
+In general, the community prefers to have a rotating set of 3-5 Release
Managers. Keeping a small core set of managers allows enough people to build
expertise in this area and improve processes over time, without Release
Managers needing to re-learn the processes for each release. That said, if you
are a committer interested in serving the community in this way, please reach
out to the community on the dev@ mailing list.
+
+### Checklist to proceed to the next step
+
+1. Community agrees to release
+2. Community selects a Release Manager
+
+**********
+
+## Prepare for the release
+
+Before your first release, you should perform one-time configuration steps.
This will set up your security keys for signing the release and access to
various release repositories.
+
+To prepare for each release, you should audit the project status both in the
JIRA issue tracker and the Github issue tracker, and do necessary bookkeeping.
Finally, you should create a release branch from which individual release
candidates will be built.
+
+### One-time setup instructions
+
+#### GPG Key
+
+You need to have a GPG key to sign the release artifacts. Please be aware of
the ASF-wide [release signing
guidelines](https://www.apache.org/dev/release-signing.html). If you don?t have
a GPG key associated with your Apache account, please create one according to
the guidelines.
+
+Determine your Apache GPG Key and Key ID, as follows:
+
+ gpg --list-keys
+
+This will list your GPG keys. One of these should reflect your Apache account,
for example:
+
+ --------------------------------------------------
+ pub 2048R/845E6689 2016-02-23
+ uid Nomen Nescio <anonym...@apache.org>
+ sub 2048R/BA4D50BE 2016-02-23
+
+Here, the key ID is the 8-digit hex string in the `pub` line: `845E6689`.
+
+Now, add your Apache GPG key to the BookKeeper?s `KEYS` file in
[`dist`](https://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/bookkeeper/dist/KEYS). Follow the
instructions listed at the top of these files.
+
+Configure `git` to use this key when signing code by giving it your key ID, as
follows:
+
+ git config --global user.signingkey 845E6689
+
+You may drop the `--global` option if you?d prefer to use this key for the
current repository only.
+
+You may wish to start `gpg-agent` to unlock your GPG key only once using your
passphrase. Otherwise, you may need to enter this passphrase hundreds of times.
The setup for `gpg-agent` varies based on operating system, but may be
something like this:
+
+ eval $(gpg-agent --daemon --no-grab --write-env-file $HOME/.gpg-agent-info)
+ export GPG_TTY=$(tty)
+ export GPG_AGENT_INFO
+
+#### Access to Apache Nexus repository
+
+Configure access to the [Apache Nexus
repository](http://repository.apache.org/), which enables final deployment of
releases to the Maven Central Repository.
+
+1. You log in with your Apache account.
+2. Confirm you have appropriate access by finding `org.apache.bookkeeper`
under `Staging Profiles`.
+3. Navigate to your `Profile` (top right dropdown menu of the page).
+4. Choose `User Token` from the dropdown, then click `Access User Token`. Copy
a snippet of the Maven XML configuration block.
+5. Insert this snippet twice into your global Maven `settings.xml` file,
typically `${HOME}/.m2/settings.xml`. The end result should look like this,
where `TOKEN_NAME` and `TOKEN_PASSWORD` are your secret tokens:
+
+ <settings>
+ <servers>
+ <server>
+ <id>apache.releases.https</id>
+ <username>TOKEN_NAME</username>
+ <password>TOKEN_PASSWORD</password>
+ </server>
+ <server>
+ <id>apache.snapshots.https</id>
+ <username>TOKEN_NAME</username>
+ <password>TOKEN_PASSWORD</password>
+ </server>
+ </servers>
+ </settings>
+
+#### Website development setup
+
+[TBD]
+
+### Create a new version in JIRA and Github
+
+When contributors resolve an issue in JIRA, they are tagging it with a release
that will contain their changes. With the release currently underway, new
issues should be resolved against a subsequent future release. Therefore, you
should create a release item for this subsequent release, as follows:
+
+1. In JIRA, navigate to the [`BookKeeper > Administration >
Versions`](https://issues.apache.org/jira/plugins/servlet/project-config/BOOKKEEPER/versions).
+2. Add a new release: choose the next minor version number compared to the one
currently underway, select today?s date as the `Start Date`, and choose `Add`.
+3. In Github, navigate to the [`Issues >
Milestones`](https://github.com/apache/bookkeeper/milestones).
+4. Add a new milestone: choose the next minor version number compared to the
one currently underway, select a day that is 3-months from now as the `Due
Date`, write a description `Release x.y.z` and choose `Create milestone`.
+
+### Triage release-blocking issues in JIRA and Github
+
+#### JIRA
+
+There could be outstanding release-blocking issues, which should be triaged
before proceeding to build a release candidate. We track them by assigning a
specific `Fix version` field even before the issue resolved.
+
+The list of release-blocking issues is available at the [version status
page](https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/BOOKKEEPER/?selectedTab=com.atlassian.jira.jira-projects-plugin:versions-panel).
Triage each unresolved issue with one of the following resolutions:
+
+* If the issue has been resolved and JIRA was not updated, resolve it
accordingly.
+* If the issue has not been resolved and it is acceptable to defer this until
the next release, update the `Fix Version` field to the new version you just
created. Please consider discussing this with stakeholders and the dev@ mailing
list, as appropriate.
+* If the issue has not been resolved and it is not acceptable to release until
it is fixed, the release cannot proceed. Instead, work with the BookKeeper
community to resolve the issue.
+
+#### Github
+
+There could be outstanding release-blocking issues, which should be triaged
before proceeding to build a release candidate. We track them by assigning a
specific `Milestone` field even before the issue resolved.
+
+The list of release-blocking issues is available at the [milestones
page](https://github.com/apache/bookkeeper/milestones). Triage each unresolved
issue with one of the following resolutions:
+
+* If the issue has been resolved and was not updated, close it accordingly.
+* If the issue has not been resolved and it is acceptable to defer this until
the next release, update the `Milestone` field to the new milestone you just
created. Please consider discussing this with stakeholders and the dev@ mailing
list, as appropriate.
+* If the issue has not been resolved and it is not acceptable to release until
it is fixed, the release cannot proceed. Instead, work with the BookKeeper
community to resolve the issue.
+
+### Review Release Notes in JIRA and Github
+
+#### JIRA
+
+JIRA automatically generates Release Notes based on the `Fix Version` field
applied to issues. Release Notes are intended for BookKeeper users (not
BookKeeper committers/contributors). You should ensure that Release Notes are
informative and useful.
+
+Open the release notes from the [version status
page](https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/BOOKKEEPER/?selectedTab=com.atlassian.jira.jira-projects-plugin:versions-panel)
by choosing the release underway and clicking Release Notes.
+
+You should verify that the issues listed automatically by JIRA are appropriate
to appear in the Release Notes. Specifically, issues should:
+
+* Be appropriately classified as `Bug`, `New Feature`, `Improvement`, etc.
+* Represent noteworthy user-facing changes, such as new functionality,
backward-incompatible API changes, or performance improvements.
+* Have occurred since the previous release; an issue that was introduced and
fixed between releases should not appear in the Release Notes.
+* Have an issue title that makes sense when read on its own.
+
+Adjust any of the above properties to the improve clarity and presentation of
the Release Notes.
+
+#### Github
+
+Unlike JIRA, Github does not automatically generates Release Notes based on
the `Milestone` field applied to issues.
+We can use
[github-changelog-generator](https://github.com/skywinder/github-changelog-generator)
to generate a ChangeLog for a milestone.
+
+(instructions to generate changelogs)
+
+### Create a release branch
+
+Release candidates are built from a release branch. As a final step in
preparation for the release, you should create the release branch, push it to
the code repository, and update version information on the original branch.
+
+Check out the version of the codebase from which you start the release. For a
new minor or major release, this may be `HEAD` of the `master` branch. To build
a hotfix/incremental release, instead of the `master` branch, use the release
tag of the release being patched. (Please make sure your cloned repository is
up-to-date before starting.)
+
+ git checkout <master branch OR release tag>
+
+
+Set up a few environment variables to simplify Maven commands that follow. (We
use `bash` Unix syntax in this guide.)
+
+ MAJOR_VERSION="4.5"
+ VERSION="4.5.0"
+ NEXT_VERSION="4.6.0"
+ BRANCH_NAME="branch-${MAJOR_VERSION}"
+ DEVELOPMENT_VERSION="${NEXT_VERSION}-SNAPSHOT"
+
+Version represents the release currently underway, while next version
specifies the anticipated next version to be released from that branch.
Normally, 4.5.0 is followed by 4.6.0, while 4.5.0 is followed by 4.5.1.
+
+Use Maven release plugin to create the release branch and update the current
branch to use the new development version. This command applies for the new
major or minor version.
+(Warning: This command automatically check in and tag your code in the code
repository configured in the SCM.) It is recommended to do a "dry run" before
executing the command.
+To "dry run", you can provide "-DdryRun" at the end of this command. "dry run"
will generate some temporary files in the project folder, you can remove them
by running "mvn release:clean".
+
+ mvn release:branch \
+ -DbranchName=${BRANCH_NAME} \
+ -DdevelopmentVersion=${DEVELOPMENT_VERSION} \
+ [-DdryRun]
+
+However, if you are doing an incremental/hotfix release, please run the
following command after checking out the release tag of the release being
patched.
+
+ mvn release:branch \
+ -DbranchName=${BRANCH_NAME} \
+ -DupdateWorkingCopyVersions=false \
+ -DupdateBranchVersions=true \
+ -DreleaseVersion="${VERSION}-SNAPSHOT" \
+ [-DdryRun]
+
+Check out the release branch.
+
+ git checkout ${BRANCH_NAME}
+
+The rest of this guide assumes that commands are run in the root of a
repository on `${BRANCH_NAME}` with the above environment variables set.
+
+### Checklist to proceed to the next step
+
+1. Release Manager?s GPG key is published to `dist.apache.org`
+2. Release Manager?s GPG key is configured in `git` configuration
+3. Release Manager has `org.apache.bookkeeper` listed under `Staging Profiles`
in Nexus
+4. Release Manager?s Nexus User Token is configured in `settings.xml`
+5. JIRA release item for the subsequent release has been created
+6. Github milestone item for the subsequet release has been created
+7. There are no release blocking JIRA issues
+8. There are no release blocking Github issues
+9. Release Notes in JIRA have been audited and adjusted
+10. Release Notes for Github Milestone is generated, audited and adjusted
+11. Release branch has been created
+12. Originating branch has the version information updated to the new version
+
+**********
+
+## Build a release candidate
+
+The core of the release process is the build-vote-fix cycle. Each cycle
produces one release candidate. The Release Manager repeats this cycle until
the community approves one release candidate, which is then finalized.
+
+### Build and stage Java artifacts with Maven
+
+
+ TODO: Currently we have to build and stage maven artifacts manually,
because it requires pushing the artifacts to apache staging. We should look for
a solution to automate that.
+
+
+Set up a few environment variables to simplify Maven commands that follow.
This identifies the release candidate being built. Start with `release
candidate number` equal to `0` and increment it for each candidate.
+
+ RC_NUM="0"
+ TAG="release-${VERSION}"
+ RC_DIR="bookkeeper-${VERSION}-rc${RC_NUM}"
+
+Use Maven release plugin to build the release artifacts, as follows:
+
+ mvn release:prepare \
Review comment:
-Darguments="-Dmaven.javadoc.skip=true -DskipTests=true"
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