I see, thanks for your reply.

在2025年4月25日星期五 UTC+8 02:30:58<dke...@mozilla.com> 写道:

> Generally speaking, certificates are represented internally as DER in 
> Firefox. PEM is just base64-encoded DER with line breaks and a "-----BEGIN 
> CERTIFICATE-----"/"-----END CERTIFICATE-----" header/footer. When importing 
> a certificate, if it's PEM, Firefox will decode it by stripping out the 
> header and footer and converting the base64 to the original DER. When 
> exporting a certificate as PEM, Firefox will convert the DER to base64 and 
> add line breaks and the header and footer.
>
> On Thu, Apr 24, 2025 at 4:14 AM 饼小干 <bingxi...@gmail.com> wrote:
>
>> Thank you for your response. I would like to understand how Firefox 
>> handles format conversion. 
>> As you mentioned, PEM certificates can be exported from the viewer. So, 
>> when viewing a DER format certificate, how does Firefox perform the format 
>> conversion when exporting it to PEM? Similarly, when importing a 
>> certificate into the certificate manager, is it possible to import a DER 
>> certificate in PEM format? If so, how is this format conversion implemented?
>>
>> 在2025年4月24日星期四 UTC+8 02:08:28<dke...@mozilla.com> 写道:
>>
>>> Firefox can import DER or PEM certificates in the certificate manager. 
>>> In the certificate viewer, Firefox exports PEM.
>>> What is it you're trying to do? If you just want to convert PEM to DER 
>>> or vice-versa, something like openssl (or even a base64 encoder/decoder) 
>>> would probably be easier to use.
>>>
>>> On Wed, Apr 23, 2025 at 3:21 AM 饼小干 <bingxi...@gmail.com> wrote:
>>>
>>>> Does Firefoxe browser involve format conversion when importing or 
>>>> exporting digital certificates, such as importing local DER format 
>>>> certificates into PEM format or exporting browser DER format certificates 
>>>> into PEM format? If so, could you please tell me how to perform such 
>>>> format 
>>>> conversions accurately?   
>>>>
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>>>> .
>>>>
>>>

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