Confirmed. This is related to how gnome-terminal starts up, via dbus /
systemd --user. Even if you type "gnome-terminal" in let's say an xterm,
it just notifies systemd to fire up the server. During this step,
environment variables get lost.

As a workaround, you could manually start up the server, followed by the
client (with a tiny pause in between, if doing from a script), as
described at https://wiki.gnome.org/Apps/Terminal/Debugging (without the
gdb part).

Here's my wrapper script I often use while debugging:

    #!/bin/bash
    /usr/lib/gnome-terminal/gnome-terminal-server --app-id a.b$$ &
    sleep 0.2
    /usr/bin/gnome-terminal --app-id a.b$$ "$@"

Plenty of other env variables that somehow affect the behavior (e.g.
GTK_THEME) aren't forwarded either. So it's probably not feasible to
start whitelisting and somehow proxying them to the server one by one.

I guess other apps that use dbus/systemd to start up are also affected.
xfce4-terminal follows a more standard pattern.

I'm not sure what the right solution would be, it looks to me that this
overall design has this limitation, or at least I'm not aware of the
proper approach (maybe configure systemd??). Alas I'm not aware with the
rationale and details of this design.

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https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1772557

Title:
  FREETYPE_PROPERTIES environment variable is not respected

Status in gnome-terminal package in Ubuntu:
  Confirmed

Bug description:
  As stated by the Freetype documentation, I should be able to use
  `FREETYPE_PROPERTIES` to control some options such as whether TrueType
  fonts are hinted using Hinting Engine v35 or v40, or whether stem
  darkening for CFF(i.e. OpenType PostScript Flavor) fonts are enabled.
  I think this should work in everything that uses FreeType, but
  apparently it doesn't work in Gnome-Terminal. It does work in xterm,
  and even xfce4-terminal, which also uses libVTE to provide terminal
  emulation.

  Actual Results:
  `FREETYPE_PROPERTIES` doesn't take effect.

  Expected Results:
  Should work as in xterm or xfce4-terminal.

  Additional Information:
  I'm on Ubuntu 18.04, with gnome-terminal 3.28.1. The correctly working 
xfce4-terminal's version is 0.8.7.3.

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