On 11/07, Alexander V. Makartsev wrote:
On 07.11.2017 03:01, Michael Stone wrote:On Tue, Nov 07, 2017 at 02:20:56AM +0500, Alexander V. Makartsev wrote:As I know SSDs are different in a way HDDs write their data. HDDs write directly to the free block and are done. SSDs on the other hand will have to erase free block first to get it ready for writing and then write to it. This is because how NAND work. It's even worse, if a destination block has some data on it already and there is some data needs to be written onto it, then SSD will copy data already written, then it will fully erase destination block, then it will concatenate copied data with data to be written and finally will write merged data to the block.This is mostly correct. The erasing is done in "erase block" size units (much larger than disk blocks), while writing is done in "pages", usually with hundreds of pages per erase block. So a 4kbyte write might trigger a multi-megabyte erase if there aren't erased pages available for writing. If an erase block has been partially written, a write can go to an unwritten page without any additional steps. In practice, most drive writes go immediately to already-erased blocks, with the garbage collector erasing blocks while the drive is idle (rather than actually reading, erasing, and writing for every write). The drive then keeps track of which physical address is associated with which logical address--that relationship changes as blocks are written and rewritten, and it is not the case that the data on the drive is physically ordered the same way it appears logically.TRIM will erase blocks marked as deleted beforehand even if they are not needed for writing right now. This overhead is the reason that causes increased drive wear and decrease it's lifespan.No, TRIM does not cause extra erases that wear out a drive. If you don't TRIM blocks and mark them as unused, the garbage collector will still erase blocks it doesn't need yet in order to have pages available for future writes. (Either after the garbage collector decides to launch a read & rewrite cycle to consolidate free space, or when all the pages in the erase block have been rewritten to a new erase block and the old erase block is known to be empty) The only differences introduced by using TRIM is that the drive can skip the possible read & rewrite step, and the drive can increase the free pool so more new pages can be written before a garbage collection is forced.I still think there are scenarios where NAND ICs will suffer extra writes, when TRIM is constantly used. Also, can you explain what logic is behind this quote from "man 8 fstrim": "Running fstrim frequently, or even using mount -o discard, might negatively affect the lifetime of poor-quality SSD devices."
Poor quality FLASH RAM has lower MTBF, in some cases very much lower and given the NAND cluster failure mechanism death comes quickly.
I think I will find my answers in this huge article on wikipedia when I wade through it eventually, should be quite interesting read: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Write_amplification -- With kindest regards, Alexander. ⢀⣴⠾⠻⢶⣦⠀ ⣾⠁⢠⠒⠀⣿⡁ Debian - The universal operating system ⢿⡄⠘⠷⠚⠋⠀ https://www.debian.org ⠈⠳⣄⠀⠀⠀⠀
-- regards..... Jabber IM:dekkz...@jabber.hot-chilli.net
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