Hi, I'm an idiot: I played with my box (woody), i.e., I did a dist-upgrade of which I now can't remember what /was/ upgraded or when (yesterday, today?), I also installed xml-i18n-tools (while trying to compile/install nautilus and don't break evolution snapshots in the process). I also played with language-env, which seems nearest to the damage I have obviously done. What else I may have broken, I can't remember.
Well, now it happens that when I log in (no matter as which user) through gdm and then open xterm or gnome-terminal, neither /etc/profile nor ~/.bash_profile are read. That means, bash acts as if invoked with the --noprofile option. They _are_ read when logging in from the console, and if I startx from the console and then open xterm/gnome-terminal, everything is OK, too. I've tried everything I could think of, but nothing helped. Maybe someone here can bang my head against a not-too-hard wall, thanks -- I did not vote for the Austrian government