As there were some questions along in this thread let me summarize some points:
The issue affects fs/ext4 code, so no other filesystems are affected (e.g. btrfs). The issue affects all kernels which have the commit 91562895f803 ("ext4: properly sync file size update after O_SYNC direct IO") from 6.7-rc1 (which is present in 6.6.3, 6.5.13 and 6.1.64) but when commit 936e114a245b ("iomap: update ki_pos a little later in iomap_dio_complete") from 6.5-rc1 is missing (which was backported to 5.15.142 and 6.1.66 additionally). The only upstream combination where that reverse and missing commit happened was 6.1.64 and 6.1.65. Debian is affected as per 6.1.64-1 upload which was the kernel aimed for 12.3 point release. The issue affects file corruption when direct IO writes are involved. O_DIRECT writes did not properly update current file position after the write so data and file was getting mangled. While this does not affect every write ever happend on the system on a ext4 filesystem with a broken kernel, O_DIRECT writes might be quite common in in programms trying to get high performance. It might be argued that it is not that common, but it's not inexistant. TTOMK, such file corruptions cannot be easily detected. Candidates to check are every modified file written since booted with the broken kernel 6.1.64-1. Poeple still not having booted into 6.1.66-1 are urged to do so. Regards, Salvatore