Package: src:linux Version: 5.10.179-1 Severity: normal Tags: upstream X-Debbugs-Cc: kamil.mi...@live.com
Dear Maintainer, * What led up to the situation? Simply installing the image from debian sources. I've also opened issue in lm-sensors repository (https://github.com/lm-sensors/lm-sensors/issues/445) and I've been suggested to file this bug report. * What exactly did you do (or not do) that was effective (or ineffective)? I've installed lm-sensors package, ran sensors-detect command and it told me no sensors were detected by it but it does show fan speed by default. limak@syrenka-nas:~$ sensors g762-i2c-0-3e Adapter: mv64xxx_i2c adapter fan1: 548 RPM (div = 1) According to the site I've used as guide in NAS configuration it used to work in 3.11 version of kernel: http://www.natisbad.org/NAS/#hw-temperature-sensor Nevertheless the temperature value is already available in the system by cating file /sys/class/thermal/thermal_zone0/temp: limak@syrenka-nas:~$ cat /sys/class/thermal/thermal_zone0/temp 41100 limak@syrenka-nas:~$ awk '{printf("Marvell 88F6282 SoC Temperature = %.1f °C\n",$1/1e3)}' /sys/class/thermal/thermal_zone0/temp Marvell 88F6282 SoC Temperature = 44.0 °C If I understand it correctly all modules required for this to work are loaded but they don't work with eachother properly (I'd expect hwmon to be used also by kirkwood_thermal): limak@syrenka-nas:~$ lsmod | head -1; lsmod | egrep "g762|hwmon|kirkwood_thermal" Module Size Used by g762 20480 0 hwmon 28672 1 g762 kirkwood_thermal 16384 0 I've attempted to compile the kernely myself but I don't have comfortable test environment for this and I ran out of Inodes on the NAS (probably because I've done something wrong). * What was the outcome of this action? No sensors detected and no temperature available by the sensors command. * What outcome did you expect instead? Detection of CPU temp sensor and temperature values in sensors and htop. -- Package-specific info: ** Version: Linux version 5.10.0-23-marvell (debian-ker...@lists.debian.org) (gcc-10 (Debian 10.2.1-6) 10.2.1 20210110, GNU ld (GNU Binutils for Debian) 2.35.2) #1 Debian 5.10.179-1 (2023-05-12) ** Command line: console=ttyS0,115200 reason=normal mtdparts=nand_mtd:0x180000@0(u-boot),0x20000@0x180000(u-boot-env),0x600000@0x200000(uImage),0x1000000@0x800000(minirootfs),0x6800000@0x1800000(jffs2); ** Tainted: W (512) * kernel issued warning ** Kernel log: [ 13.132445] [<c030077c>] (__pci_enable_msix_range) from [<c0300ebc>] (pci_alloc_irq_vectors_affinity+0x70/0x104) [ 13.142767] [<c0300ebc>] (pci_alloc_irq_vectors_affinity) from [<bf5d2f98>] (xhci_run+0x128/0x498 [xhci_hcd]) [ 13.152903] [<bf5d2f98>] (xhci_run [xhci_hcd]) from [<bf4f41d4>] (usb_add_hcd+0x444/0x618 [usbcore]) [ 13.162221] [<bf4f41d4>] (usb_add_hcd [usbcore]) from [<bf5036d4>] (usb_hcd_pci_probe+0x32c/0x39c [usbcore]) [ 13.172176] [<bf5036d4>] (usb_hcd_pci_probe [usbcore]) from [<bf6199a8>] (xhci_pci_probe+0x18/0x100 [xhci_pci]) [ 13.182343] [<bf6199a8>] (xhci_pci_probe [xhci_pci]) from [<c02f25fc>] (pci_device_probe+0x84/0xf4) [ 13.191456] [<c02f25fc>] (pci_device_probe) from [<c033cd74>] (really_probe+0x274/0x488) [ 13.199605] [<c033cd74>] (really_probe) from [<c033d4b4>] (device_driver_attach+0x4c/0x64) [ 13.207924] [<c033d4b4>] (device_driver_attach) from [<c033d54c>] (__driver_attach+0x80/0x130) [ 13.216591] [<c033d54c>] (__driver_attach) from [<c033af2c>] (bus_for_each_dev+0x5c/0x80) [ 13.224821] [<c033af2c>] (bus_for_each_dev) from [<c033bf20>] (bus_add_driver+0xd4/0x1f0) [ 13.233054] [<c033bf20>] (bus_add_driver) from [<c033db8c>] (driver_register+0xb4/0xf8) [ 13.241115] [<c033db8c>] (driver_register) from [<c0009df4>] (do_one_initcall+0x64/0x1b0) [ 13.249355] [<c0009df4>] (do_one_initcall) from [<c007ceac>] (do_init_module+0x44/0x1e0) [ 13.257506] [<c007ceac>] (do_init_module) from [<c007f5a4>] (sys_finit_module+0xbc/0xd0) [ 13.265657] [<c007f5a4>] (sys_finit_module) from [<c0008404>] (__sys_trace_return+0x0/0x1c) [ 13.274055] Exception stack(0xc2dbffa8 to 0xc2dbfff0) [ 13.279141] ffa0: b6f1d13c 0099a510 00000012 b6f1bf38 00000000 b6f1ccb0 [ 13.287374] ffc0: b6f1d13c 0099a510 156bc300 0000017b 00998d18 0056356f 005635e0 0099a510 [ 13.295602] ffe0: be9c46f0 be9c46e0 b6f13c64 b6db7940 [ 13.300690] ---[ end trace 2624a5770448d0e8 ]--- [ 13.305341] ------------[ cut here ]------------ [ 13.309998] WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 198 at include/linux/msi.h:225 free_msi_irqs+0x17c/0x18c [ 13.318219] Modules linked in: xhci_pci(+) xhci_hcd ehci_orion(+) ehci_hcd marvell mv643xx_eth sg mvmdio orion_nand(+) usbcore orion_wdt nand marvell_cesa libdes nand_ecc usb_common watchdog nls_base libaes bch nandcore g762 rtc_rs5c372 hwmon mtd rtc_mv(+) kirkwood_thermal gpio_keys leds_gpio fuse configfs ip_tables x_tables hmac ipv6 autofs4 ext4 crc16 mbcache jbd2 raid10 raid456 libcrc32c crc32c_generic async_raid6_recov async_memcpy async_pq async_xor xor async_tx raid6_pq raid0 multipath linear raid1 md_mod sd_mod t10_pi crc_t10dif crct10dif_generic crct10dif_common sata_mv libata scsi_mod [ 13.371193] CPU: 0 PID: 198 Comm: systemd-udevd Tainted: G W 5.10.0-23-marvell #1 Debian 5.10.179-1 [ 13.381597] Hardware name: Marvell Kirkwood (Flattened Device Tree) [ 13.387913] [<c0014bc4>] (unwind_backtrace) from [<c0011a48>] (show_stack+0x18/0x1c) [ 13.395710] [<c0011a48>] (show_stack) from [<c001f6b8>] (__warn+0x94/0xd4) [ 13.402643] [<c001f6b8>] (__warn) from [<c04a831c>] (warn_slowpath_fmt+0x70/0x90) [ 13.410187] [<c04a831c>] (warn_slowpath_fmt) from [<c0300320>] (free_msi_irqs+0x17c/0x18c) [ 13.418513] [<c0300320>] (free_msi_irqs) from [<c0300888>] (__pci_enable_msix_range+0x330/0x428) [ 13.427364] [<c0300888>] (__pci_enable_msix_range) from [<c0300ebc>] (pci_alloc_irq_vectors_affinity+0x70/0x104) [ 13.437666] [<c0300ebc>] (pci_alloc_irq_vectors_affinity) from [<bf5d2f98>] (xhci_run+0x128/0x498 [xhci_hcd]) [ 13.447758] [<bf5d2f98>] (xhci_run [xhci_hcd]) from [<bf4f41d4>] (usb_add_hcd+0x444/0x618 [usbcore]) [ 13.457059] [<bf4f41d4>] (usb_add_hcd [usbcore]) from [<bf5036d4>] (usb_hcd_pci_probe+0x32c/0x39c [usbcore]) [ 13.467012] [<bf5036d4>] (usb_hcd_pci_probe [usbcore]) from [<bf6199a8>] (xhci_pci_probe+0x18/0x100 [xhci_pci]) [ 13.477169] [<bf6199a8>] (xhci_pci_probe [xhci_pci]) from [<c02f25fc>] (pci_device_probe+0x84/0xf4) [ 13.486276] [<c02f25fc>] (pci_device_probe) from [<c033cd74>] (really_probe+0x274/0x488) [ 13.494428] [<c033cd74>] (really_probe) from [<c033d4b4>] (device_driver_attach+0x4c/0x64) [ 13.502746] [<c033d4b4>] (device_driver_attach) from [<c033d54c>] (__driver_attach+0x80/0x130) [ 13.511413] [<c033d54c>] (__driver_attach) from [<c033af2c>] (bus_for_each_dev+0x5c/0x80) [ 13.519644] [<c033af2c>] (bus_for_each_dev) from [<c033bf20>] (bus_add_driver+0xd4/0x1f0) [ 13.527876] [<c033bf20>] (bus_add_driver) from [<c033db8c>] (driver_register+0xb4/0xf8) [ 13.535934] [<c033db8c>] (driver_register) from [<c0009df4>] (do_one_initcall+0x64/0x1b0) [ 13.544166] [<c0009df4>] (do_one_initcall) from [<c007ceac>] (do_init_module+0x44/0x1e0) [ 13.552312] [<c007ceac>] (do_init_module) from [<c007f5a4>] (sys_finit_module+0xbc/0xd0) [ 13.560454] [<c007f5a4>] (sys_finit_module) from [<c0008404>] (__sys_trace_return+0x0/0x1c) [ 13.568852] Exception stack(0xc2dbffa8 to 0xc2dbfff0) [ 13.573938] ffa0: b6f1d13c 0099a510 00000012 b6f1bf38 00000000 b6f1ccb0 [ 13.582171] ffc0: b6f1d13c 0099a510 156bc300 0000017b 00998d18 0056356f 005635e0 0099a510 [ 13.590400] ffe0: be9c46f0 be9c46e0 b6f13c64 b6db7940 [ 13.595484] ---[ end trace 2624a5770448d0e9 ]--- [ 13.600243] rtc-mv f1010300.rtc: internal RTC not ticking [ 13.609206] usb usb1: New USB device found, idVendor=1d6b, idProduct=0002, bcdDevice= 5.10 [ 13.617542] usb usb1: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=2, SerialNumber=1 [ 13.624812] usb usb1: Product: EHCI Host Controller [ 13.629727] usb usb1: Manufacturer: Linux 5.10.0-23-marvell ehci_hcd [ 13.636118] usb usb1: SerialNumber: f1050000.ehci [ 13.965042] hub 1-0:1.0: USB hub found [ 13.993573] hub 1-0:1.0: 1 port detected [ 14.119289] 5 fixed-partitions partitions found on MTD device orion_nand [ 14.126196] Creating 5 MTD partitions on "orion_nand": [ 14.179392] 0x000000000000-0x000000180000 : "u-boot" [ 14.194457] 0x000000180000-0x0000001a0000 : "u-boot-env" [ 14.210507] 0x000000200000-0x000000800000 : "uImage" [ 14.222011] 0x000000800000-0x000001800000 : "minirootfs" [ 14.252455] 0x000001800000-0x000008000000 : "jffs2" [ 14.391076] xhci_hcd 0000:01:00.0: xHCI Host Controller [ 14.397334] xhci_hcd 0000:01:00.0: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 3 [ 14.406147] xhci_hcd 0000:01:00.0: Host supports USB 3.0 SuperSpeed [ 14.444922] usb usb2: New USB device found, idVendor=1d6b, idProduct=0002, bcdDevice= 5.10 [ 14.453364] usb usb2: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=2, SerialNumber=1 [ 14.460646] usb usb2: Product: xHCI Host Controller [ 14.465596] usb usb2: Manufacturer: Linux 5.10.0-23-marvell xhci-hcd [ 14.471994] usb usb2: SerialNumber: 0000:01:00.0 [ 14.602232] hub 2-0:1.0: USB hub found [ 14.624863] hub 2-0:1.0: 2 ports detected [ 14.644750] usb usb3: We don't know the algorithms for LPM for this host, disabling LPM. [ 14.692922] usb usb3: New USB device found, idVendor=1d6b, idProduct=0003, bcdDevice= 5.10 [ 14.701264] usb usb3: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=2, SerialNumber=1 [ 14.708713] usb usb3: Product: xHCI Host Controller [ 14.713627] usb usb3: Manufacturer: Linux 5.10.0-23-marvell xhci-hcd [ 14.720068] usb usb3: SerialNumber: 0000:01:00.0 [ 14.812751] hub 3-0:1.0: USB hub found [ 14.828966] hub 3-0:1.0: 2 ports detected [ 15.229703] Adding 739240k swap on /dev/md0p5. Priority:-2 extents:1 across:739240k FS [ 15.636596] EXT4-fs (md0p1): mounting ext2 file system using the ext4 subsystem [ 15.745257] EXT4-fs (md0p1): mounted filesystem without journal. Opts: (null) [ 15.752481] ext2 filesystem being mounted at /boot supports timestamps until 2038 (0x7fffffff) [ 16.350322] audit: type=1400 audit(1684871393.544:2): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" profile="unconfined" name="nvidia_modprobe" pid=261 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 16.404763] audit: type=1400 audit(1684871393.544:3): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" profile="unconfined" name="nvidia_modprobe//kmod" pid=261 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 16.481101] audit: type=1400 audit(1684871393.676:4): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" profile="unconfined" name="/usr/bin/man" pid=262 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 16.525265] audit: type=1400 audit(1684871393.676:5): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" profile="unconfined" name="man_filter" pid=262 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 16.570652] audit: type=1400 audit(1684871393.676:6): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" profile="unconfined" name="man_groff" pid=262 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 16.646020] audit: type=1400 audit(1684871393.756:7): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" profile="unconfined" name="lsb_release" pid=263 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 17.080284] NET: Registered protocol family 17 [ 20.219042] mv643xx_eth_port mv643xx_eth_port.0 eth0: link up, 1000 Mb/s, full duplex, flow control disabled [ 20.228992] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): eth0: link becomes ready [ 7054.921548] systemd[1]: systemd 247.3-7+deb11u2 running in system mode. (+PAM +AUDIT +SELINUX +IMA +APPARMOR +SMACK +SYSVINIT +UTMP +LIBCRYPTSETUP +GCRYPT +GNUTLS +ACL +XZ +LZ4 +ZSTD +SECCOMP +BLKID +ELFUTILS +KMOD +IDN2 -IDN +PCRE2 default-hierarchy=unified) [ 7054.945295] systemd[1]: Detected architecture arm. ** Model information Hardware : Marvell Kirkwood (Flattened Device Tree) Revision : 0000 Device Tree model: NETGEAR ReadyNAS Duo v2 ** Loaded modules: tcp_diag udp_diag raw_diag inet_diag af_packet ofpart cmdlinepart evdev xhci_pci xhci_hcd ehci_orion ehci_hcd marvell mv643xx_eth sg mvmdio orion_nand usbcore orion_wdt nand marvell_cesa libdes nand_ecc usb_common watchdog nls_base libaes bch nandcore g762 rtc_rs5c372 hwmon mtd kirkwood_thermal gpio_keys leds_gpio fuse configfs ip_tables x_tables hmac ipv6 autofs4 ext4 crc16 mbcache jbd2 raid10 raid456 libcrc32c crc32c_generic async_raid6_recov async_memcpy async_pq async_xor xor async_tx raid6_pq raid0 multipath linear raid1 md_mod sd_mod t10_pi crc_t10dif crct10dif_generic crct10dif_common sata_mv libata scsi_mod ** Network interface configuration: *** /etc/network/interfaces: source /etc/network/interfaces.d/* auto lo iface lo inet loopback allow-hotplug eth0 iface eth0 inet dhcp ** Network status: *** IP interfaces and addresses: 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether 00:50:43:00:02:02 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.0.16/24 brd 192.168.0.255 scope global dynamic eth0 valid_lft 2562sec preferred_lft 2562sec inet6 fe80::250:43ff:fe00:202/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever *** Device statistics: Inter-| Receive | Transmit face |bytes packets errs drop fifo frame compressed multicast|bytes packets errs drop fifo colls carrier compressed lo: 16753120 30217 0 0 0 0 0 0 16753120 30217 0 0 0 0 0 0 eth0: 1964005463 421010638 49549 49549 0 0 0 0 1046762940 6968773 0 0 0 0 0 0 *** Protocol statistics: Ip: Forwarding: 2 136647 total packets received 2 with invalid addresses 0 forwarded 0 incoming packets discarded 136645 incoming packets delivered 163474 requests sent out 40 dropped because of missing route Icmp: 0 ICMP messages received 0 input ICMP message failed ICMP input histogram: 0 ICMP messages sent 0 ICMP messages failed ICMP output histogram: Tcp: 4986 active connection openings 2938 passive connection openings 2694 failed connection attempts 51 connection resets received 4 connections established 21612387 segments received 6999539 segments sent out 300 segments retransmitted 0 bad segments received 2755 resets sent Udp: 4484 packets received 0 packets to unknown port received 0 packet receive errors 1430 packets sent 0 receive buffer errors 0 send buffer errors IgnoredMulti: 64 UdpLite: TcpExt: 2873 TCP sockets finished time wait in fast timer 3456 delayed acks sent 135 delayed acks further delayed because of locked socket Quick ack mode was activated 944 times 18974300 packet headers predicted 194716 acknowledgments not containing data payload received 840948 predicted acknowledgments TCPSackRecovery: 3 TCPDSACKUndo: 1 TCPLostRetransmit: 12 184 fast retransmits TCPTimeouts: 88 TCPLossProbes: 44 TCPBacklogCoalesce: 429034 TCPDSACKOldSent: 1437 TCPDSACKOfoSent: 3 TCPDSACKRecv: 31 30 connections reset due to unexpected data 3 connections reset due to early user close 5 connections aborted due to timeout TCPDSACKIgnoredNoUndo: 28 TCPSackShifted: 22 TCPSackMerged: 7 TCPSackShiftFallback: 4 TCPBacklogDrop: 2 TCPDeferAcceptDrop: 93 TCPRcvCoalesce: 1724705 TCPOFOQueue: 580092 TCPOFOMerge: 3 TCPSpuriousRtxHostQueues: 1 TCPAutoCorking: 1265 TCPFromZeroWindowAdv: 41 TCPToZeroWindowAdv: 41 TCPWantZeroWindowAdv: 1885 TCPSynRetrans: 60 TCPOrigDataSent: 2326424 TCPHystartTrainDetect: 28 TCPHystartTrainCwnd: 1288 TCPKeepAlive: 27 TCPDelivered: 2328664 TCPAckCompressed: 137039 TcpTimeoutRehash: 14 TcpDuplicateDataRehash: 775 TCPDSACKRecvSegs: 31 IpExt: InMcastPkts: 5297 OutMcastPkts: 1491 InBcastPkts: 1629 OutBcastPkts: 653 InOctets: 174895960 OutOctets: 42968210 InMcastOctets: 187350 OutMcastOctets: 48805 InBcastOctets: 287891 OutBcastOctets: 83955 InNoECTPkts: 216000 InECT1Pkts: 147 InECT0Pkts: 13 InCEPkts: 116 ** PCI devices: 00:01.0 PCI bridge [0604]: Marvell Technology Group Ltd. Device [11ab:6282] (rev 01) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode]) Device tree node: /sys/firmware/devicetree/base/mbus@f1000000/pcie@82000000/pcie@1,0 Control: I/O- Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr+ Stepping- SERR+ FastB2B- DisINTx- Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 0, Cache Line Size: 64 bytes Bus: primary=00, secondary=01, subordinate=01, sec-latency=0 I/O behind bridge: [disabled] Memory behind bridge: e0000000-e00fffff [size=1M] Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 00000000-000fffff [size=1M] Secondary status: 66MHz- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- <SERR- <PERR- BridgeCtl: Parity+ SERR+ NoISA- VGA- VGA16- MAbort- >Reset- FastB2B- PriDiscTmr- SecDiscTmr- DiscTmrStat- DiscTmrSERREn- Capabilities: <access denied> 01:00.0 USB controller [0c03]: NEC Corporation uPD720200 USB 3.0 Host Controller [1033:0194] (rev 04) (prog-if 30 [XHCI]) Control: I/O- Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr+ Stepping- SERR+ FastB2B- DisINTx- Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 0, Cache Line Size: 32 bytes Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 40 Region 0: Memory at e0000000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=8K] Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: xhci_hcd Kernel modules: xhci_pci ** USB devices: Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub -- System Information: Debian Release: 11.7 APT prefers stable APT policy: (900, 'stable'), (500, 'testing-security'), (500, 'stable-updates'), (500, 'stable-security'), (400, 'testing'), (50, 'unstable'), (1, 'experimental') Architecture: armel (armv5tel) Kernel: Linux 5.10.0-23-marvell Kernel taint flags: TAINT_WARN Locale: LANG=en_US.UTF-8, LC_CTYPE=en_US.UTF-8 (charmap=UTF-8), LANGUAGE=en_US:en Shell: /bin/sh linked to /usr/bin/dash Init: systemd (via /run/systemd/system) LSM: AppArmor: enabled Versions of packages linux-image-5.10.0-23-marvell depends on: ii initramfs-tools [linux-initramfs-tool] 0.140 ii kmod 28-1 ii linux-base 4.6 Versions of packages linux-image-5.10.0-23-marvell recommends: ii apparmor 2.13.6-10 ii firmware-linux-free 20200122-1 ii u-boot-tools 2021.01+dfsg-5 Versions of packages linux-image-5.10.0-23-marvell suggests: pn debian-kernel-handbook <none> pn linux-doc-5.10 <none> Versions of packages linux-image-5.10.0-23-marvell is related to: pn firmware-amd-graphics <none> pn firmware-atheros <none> pn firmware-bnx2 <none> pn firmware-bnx2x <none> pn firmware-brcm80211 <none> pn firmware-cavium <none> pn firmware-intel-sound <none> pn firmware-intelwimax <none> pn firmware-ipw2x00 <none> pn firmware-ivtv <none> pn firmware-iwlwifi <none> pn firmware-libertas <none> pn firmware-linux-nonfree <none> pn firmware-misc-nonfree <none> pn firmware-myricom <none> pn firmware-netxen <none> pn firmware-qlogic <none> pn firmware-realtek <none> pn firmware-samsung <none> pn firmware-siano <none> pn firmware-ti-connectivity <none> pn xen-hypervisor <none> -- no debconf information
