i have also experienced this just now, on Debian 10. emptying /var/lib/apt/lists resolved the problem.
background info: my internet is/was very crappy nowadays, randomly failing some requests. this may be relevant, because i have never seen this issue before. -- • attila lendvai • PGP: 963F 5D5F 45C7 DFCD 0A39 -- “Goodbyes are only for those who love with their eyes. Because for those who love with heart and soul there is no such thing as separation.” — Rumi (1207–1273)