I'm seeing the same behavior in Ubuntu 18.04. What looks like early termination, and no debug output.
The program is running though: $ sudo strace corosync-qdevice -df [...] openat(AT_FDCWD, "/dev/shm/qb-votequorum-event-12248-19618-30-header", O_RDWR) = 9 ftruncate(9, 8248) = 0 mmap(NULL, 8248, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, 9, 0) = 0x7f22de722000 openat(AT_FDCWD, "/dev/shm/qb-votequorum-event-12248-19618-30-data", O_RDWR) = 10 ftruncate(10, 1052672) = 0 getpid() = 19618 sendto(11, "<30>Aug 9 11:06:16 corosync-qde"..., 102, MSG_NOSIGNAL, NULL, 0) = 102 mmap(NULL, 2105344, PROT_NONE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f22dac82000 mmap(0x7f22dac82000, 1052672, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED|MAP_FIXED, 10, 0) = 0x7f22dac82000 mmap(0x7f22dad83000, 1052672, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED|MAP_FIXED, 10, 0) = 0x7f22dad83000 close(10) = 0 close(9) = 0 sendto(8, "\20", 1, MSG_NOSIGNAL, NULL, 0) = 1 exit_group(1) = ? +++ exited with 1 +++
