Hi Yiliang,

In the benchmark model, it looks like a follower load is applied
>

No, this isn't the case. The paper that this numerical example for this
tutorial is based on defines the pressure as being applied on the reference
configuration, and so neither the normal nor area upon which it is applied
evolve (even though the load itself is increased over several load steps).
I can only suggest that one look at the paper to confirm the setup:

S. Reese, P. Wriggers, B.D. Reddy (2000), A new locking-free brick element
technique for large deformation problems in elasticity, * Computers and
Structures *, * 75 *, 291-304. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-7949(99)00137-6
<http://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-7949(99)00137-6>

But you are right in that one would require a (non-symmetric) linearisation
term to compute a consistent tangent matrix if there was a follower load.

I hope that this helps.

Best,
Jean-Paul

On Tue, 22 Oct 2024 at 20:02, Wolfgang Bangerth <bange...@colostate.edu>
wrote:

> On 10/21/24 20:57, Yiliang Wang wrote:
> > Hi Wolfgang,
> >
> > I am studying the code in Step-44. In the benchmark model, it looks like
> a
> > follower load is applied. Since the the normal direction and the area of
> the
> > surface which is under pressed is evolving, shouldn't an extra term
> induced by
> > the follower force be added into the total stiffness matrix in element
> level?
> > If that term is ignored, I guess the convergence rate will be affected.
> I am
> > not if the accuracy of the results will also be affected if that term is
> ignored.
>
> Yiliang:
> I'm the wrong person to ask this question, not knowing much about
> large-deformation modeling and not having written the program. But perhaps
> someone else knows an answer to your question.
>
> Best
>   W.
>
> --
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
> Wolfgang Bangerth          email:                 bange...@colostate.edu
>                             www: http://www.math.colostate.edu/~bangerth/
>
>
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