Hi Wolfgang,

Yes the diagonal could be negative when k rises. Will Chebyshev 
preconditioner smoother converge
when there are negative entries?

In my case k hasn't rise so large that diagonal entries is negative. The 
negative entries shows up only
when compute_normal_flux constraints is applied. I think 
AffineConstraints::distribute_local_to_global 
<https://www.dealii.org/current/doxygen/deal.II/classAffineConstraints.html#a373fbdacd8c486e675b8d2bff8943192:~:text=Thus,%20if%20a%20degree,in%20the%20global%20matrix.>
is the cause since in matrix-based assemble, this function add a positive 
value on the constrained 
dofs while matrix-free does not. Therefore the diagonals are different 
between matrix-free and matrix-based.

Best,
Wayne

在2023年2月15日星期三 UTC+8 00:39:41<Wolfgang Bangerth> 写道:

> On 2/14/23 07:15, 'yy.wayne' via deal.II User Group wrote:
> > The weak problem I'm solving is  <curl u, curl u> + <div u, div u> - 
> > k^2<u, u> = RHS, which is vector Maxwell wave equation (for nodal basis).
> > [...]
> > 1) Is it reasonable the diagonal computed by MatrixFree operator with 
> > compute_normal_flux() has negative entries?
>
> The diagonal entries of the matrix, for this bilinear form, are 
> integrals of the form
>
> A_ii = \int (curl phi_i)*(curl phi_i) + (div phi_i)*(div phi_i)
> - k^2 phi_i * phi_i
>
> In other words, A_ii is a sum of squares, but one of the squares is 
> negative. If k is small, the sum may still be positive, but for sure if 
> k is large, the diagonal entries of A will be negative.
>
> Best
> W.
>
> -- 
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
> Wolfgang Bangerth email: bang...@colostate.edu
> www: http://www.math.colostate.edu/~bangerth/
>

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