A lot of times, when you see something like this on a shell script, it's the program it's trying to run to run the shell script. In other words, /usr/bin/nroff is a shell script that requires /bin/sh (the first line). Is /bin/sh defined?
Then the next question is, since nroff is emulated by groff, does /usr/bin/groff exist? Chris Carlson iStor Networks, Inc. -----Original Message----- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Carlo Florendo Sent: Tuesday, June 22, 2004 3:54 PM To: Carlo Florendo Cc: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: Re: /usr/bin exists not; man can't find nroff; permissions inconsistent Sorry, forgot cygcheck. Here it is: Carlo Florendo wrote: > Hello, > > After installing cygwin, I am encountering some issues. cygcheck's > output attached: > > First, I tried to man bash. Nothing appeared on screen so I hit `q'. > Then, it says that nroff was not found. > > $ man bash > /usr/bin/nroff: not found > > Then, I checked whether nroff existed: > > $ ls -l /usr/bin/nroff > -rw-r--r-- 1 Carlo None 1955 Dec 16 2002 /usr/bin/nroff > > Thus, I thought it existed but the permissions were not set well. I > then tried to change the permissions: > > $ chmod 755 /usr/bin/nroff > chmod: changing permissions of `/usr/bin/nroff': No such file or > directory > > As you see, it says that the file does not exist. Strange, isnt't > it? Then, I tried catting the file. Here's what I got. > > $ cat /usr/bin/nroff > cat: /usr/bin/nroff: No such file or directory > > Thus, I tried going to the /usr/bin directory itself and catted nroff > to see if it really existed: > > $ cd /usr/bin > > $ ls -l nroff > -rwxr-xr-x 1 Carlo None 1955 Dec 16 2002 nroff > > $ cat nroff > #!/bin/sh > # Emulate nroff with groff. > > prog="$0" > # Default device. > # First try the "locale charmap" command, because it's most reliable. > > <Rest of output snipped> > > Thus, it exists. > Then, I again tried doing an `ls -l' on nroff, first *not* specifying > its fully qualified name (FQN), and afterwards, specifying its FQN. > Here's what I got: > > $ pwd /usr/bin > > $ ls -l nroff > -rwxr-xr-x 1 Carlo None 1955 Dec 16 2002 nroff > > $ ls -l /usr/bin/nroff > -rw-r--r-- 1 Carlo None 1955 Dec 16 2002 /usr/bin/nroff > > As you can see, the first listing says the permission is a 755. The > second listing says the permission is a 644. This seems to me > strange. Why does the permission for the same file appear differently > when accessed via different means. (i.e. specifying its FQN; not > specifying its FQN)? > > Thus, I thought that /usr/bin/nroff was probably hardlinked from > /bin/nroff and that this linking might have caused some problems so I > checked out /bin/nroff. /bin/nroff existed. I found out that > /usr/bin/nroff is indeed a hardlink to /bin/nroff but I didn't see why > this could really cause a problem. > > Then, I tried opening a cmd prompt to check if there is any clue I > could get from it. This is what I got: > > --------Start windows cmd output------------ > $ cmd > Microsoft Windows 2000 [Version 5.00.2195] > (C) Copyright 1985-2000 Microsoft Corp. > > d:\cygwin>cd usr > cd usr > > D:\cygwin\usr>dir /w dir /w > Volume in drive D is PROGRAMS > Volume Serial Number is 701A-F5A8 > > Directory of D:\cygwin\usr > > [.] [..] [src] [local] > [tmp] [include] [share] [doc] > [man] [sbin] [autotool] [info] > [i686-pc-cygwin] [etc] [var] [X11R6] > [grace] [ssl] [libexec] [logs] > [i686-pc-mingw32] > 0 File(s) 0 bytes > 21 Dir(s) 1,703,936,000 bytes free > > D:\cygwin\usr>dir bin > dir bin > Volume in drive D is PROGRAMS > Volume Serial Number is 701A-F5A8 > > Directory of D:\cygwin\usr > > File Not Found > > D:\cygwin\usr>dir d:\cygwin\usr\bin > dir d:\cygwin\usr\bin > Volume in drive D is PROGRAMS > Volume Serial Number is 701A-F5A8 > > Directory of d:\cygwin\usr > > File Not Found > > d:\cygwin\usr> > > --------End windows cmd output------------ > > The directory d:\cygwin\usr\bin does not exist. (i.e. It is neither > listed with `dir /w' nor `dir bin' nor `dir d:\cygwin\usr\bin') It > appears to be linked somewhere else. > > I would appreciate it very much if anyone could point out which part > of the source code I could tweak. I'd like to learn diagnosing > problems in source code level. > Another thing to note is that cygcheck reports several warnings of > this sort: > > Found: d:\cygwin\\bin\ls.exe > Found: d:\cygwin\bin\ls.exe > Warning: d:\cygwin\\bin\ls.exe hides d:\cygwin\bin\ls.exe > > What could be the problem on my system? I know I'm missing something. > > Thank you so much! > > Best Regards, > > Carlo > ------ > Carlo Florendo y Flora > Astra Philippines Inc. > www.astra.ph > > -- > Unsubscribe info: http://cygwin.com/ml/#unsubscribe-simple > Problem reports: http://cygwin.com/problems.html > Documentation: http://cygwin.com/docs.html > FAQ: http://cygwin.com/faq/ > > -- Unsubscribe info: http://cygwin.com/ml/#unsubscribe-simple Problem reports: http://cygwin.com/problems.html Documentation: http://cygwin.com/docs.html FAQ: http://cygwin.com/faq/
