On 2022-02-04 03:26, Russell VT wrote:
This is "a religious" question, as there are many different "sworn" ways to
do it.

The "old reliable" method, if you have both filesystems available... at
least off the top of my head...

cd / ; tar -cvf - / | (cd /path/to/other/disk ; tar -xvfp -)

        $ tar -c -C /from/ -f - | ssh host tar -x -C /to/ -f -

where compression arguments e.g. -J are advisable if over a WAN, "ssh host" is optional, and -v really slows things down, especially if used on both sides or over a WAN.

For Cygwin, --exclude /cygdrive, /dev, /proc, /tmp, /var/log and maybe some others, so better to add to an --exclude-from FILE:

        $ info tar exclude

and don't forget exclusions must omit /from/ and /to/ paths but may include shell wildcard patterns "*", "?", "[...]", "[!...]", and [?*+@!](...|...) if shopt extglob enabled:

        $ info bash pattern

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Take care. Thanks, Brian Inglis, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

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