Hi Daniel,

> Do brokers ever send DISCONNECT in normal circumstances?

No, in MQTT Version 3.1.1 DISCONNECT is only used by clients to indicate a 
graceful shutdown of the connection.

In the new MQTT Version 5 
(https://docs.oasis-open.org/mqtt/mqtt/v5.0/os/mqtt-v5.0-os.pdf 
<https://docs.oasis-open.org/mqtt/mqtt/v5.0/os/mqtt-v5.0-os.pdf>) 
servers/brokers do send DISCONNECT to indicate the reason of shutting down the 
connection. 

MQTT Version 5 is not (yet) implemented by all brokers. Even brokers 
implementing MQTT Version 5 do usually keep MQTT Version 3.1.1 for backward 
client compatibilty.

> 
>> curl should either disconnect after a certain number of PUBLISH messages was 
>> received and after a timeout if no (new) message were received.
> 
> Good feedback indeed.
> 
> libcurl users can basically accomplish that using existing callbacks.
> 
> For command line tool users, I suspect we need to add options for this.

If you intend to use long-lived sessions, you will have to implement the 
PINGREQ/PINGRESP handshake which corresponds to Keep Alive interval agreed in 
the CONNECT message.

Cheers 
   Christpoh

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