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Head commit for run:
4f822e376afb40be3c6035762d98d7851f995dee / Chris 
<[email protected]>
feat: Python Support for Large Binary (#4100)

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### What changes were proposed in this PR?
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This PR introduces Python support for the `large_binary` attribute type,
enabling Python UDF operators to process data larger than 2 GB. Data is
offloaded to MinIO (S3), and the tuple retains only a pointer (URI).
This mirrors the existing Java LargeBinary implementation, ensuring
cross-language compatibility. (See #4067 for system diagram and #4111
for renaming)

## Key Features

### 1. MinIO/S3 Integration
- Utilizes the shared `texera-large-binaries` bucket.
- Implements lazy initialization of S3 clients and automatic bucket
creation.

### 2. Streaming I/O
- **`LargeBinaryOutputStream`:** Writes data to S3 using multipart
uploads (64KB chunks) to prevent blocking the main execution.
- **`LargeBinaryInputStream`:** Lazily downloads data only when the read
operation begins. Implements standard Python `io.IOBase`.

### 3. Tuple & Iceberg Compatibility
- `largebinary` instances are automatically serialized to URI strings
for Iceberg storage and Arrow tables.
- Uses a magic suffix (`__texera_large_binary_ptr`) to distinguish
pointers from standard strings.

### 4. Serialization
- Pointers are stored as strings with metadata (`texera_type:
LARGE_BINARY`). Auto-conversion ensures UDFs always see `largebinary`
instances, not raw strings.

## User API Usage

### 1. Creating & Writing (Output)
Use `LargeBinaryOutputStream` to stream large data into a new object.

```python
from pytexera import largebinary, LargeBinaryOutputStream

# Create a new handle
large_binary = largebinary()

# Stream data to S3
with LargeBinaryOutputStream(large_binary) as out:
    out.write(my_large_data_bytes)
    # Supports bytearray, bytes, etc.
```

### 2. Reading (Input)
Use `LargeBinaryInputStream` to read data back. It supports all standard
Python stream methods.

```python
from pytexera import LargeBinaryInputStream

with LargeBinaryInputStream(large_binary) as stream:
    # Option A: Read everything
    all_data = stream.read()

    # Option B: Chunked reading
    chunk = stream.read(1024)

    # Option C: Iteration
    for line in stream:
        process(line)
```

## Dependencies
- `boto3`: Required for S3 interactions.
- `StorageConfig`: Uses existing configuration for
endpoints/credentials.

## Future Direction
- Support for R UDF Operators
- Check #4123


### Any related issues, documentation, discussions?
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Design: #3787

### How was this PR tested?
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Tested by running this workflow multiple times and check MinIO dashboard
to see whether six objects are created and deleted. Specify the file
scan operator's property to use any file bigger than 2GB.
[Large Binary
Python.json](https://github.com/user-attachments/files/24062982/Large.Binary.Python.json)

### Was this PR authored or co-authored using generative AI tooling?
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No.

---------

Signed-off-by: Chris <[email protected]>

Report URL: https://github.com/apache/texera/actions/runs/20514576297

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