yihua commented on code in PR #19802:
URL: https://github.com/apache/hudi/pull/19802#discussion_r4233494668


##########
hudi-client/hudi-client-common/src/main/java/org/apache/hudi/metadata/index/vector/VectorIndexer.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,392 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.hudi.metadata.index.vector;
+
+import org.apache.hudi.avro.model.HoodieVectorIndexActiveManifest;
+import org.apache.hudi.avro.model.HoodieVectorIndexManifest;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.data.HoodieData;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.data.HoodieListData;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.engine.HoodieEngineContext;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.fs.FSUtils;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.index.vector.VectorIndexMetadataCache;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.index.vector.VectorIndexOptions;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.model.FileSlice;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.model.HoodieBaseFile;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.model.HoodieIndexDefinition;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.model.HoodieLogFile;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.model.HoodieRecord;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.model.HoodieWriteStat;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.schema.HoodieSchema;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.table.HoodieTableMetaClient;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.table.TableSchemaResolver;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.table.timeline.HoodieTimeline;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.table.view.HoodieTableFileSystemView;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.util.Option;
+import org.apache.hudi.common.util.ValidationUtils;
+import org.apache.hudi.config.HoodieWriteConfig;
+import org.apache.hudi.exception.HoodieMetadataException;
+import org.apache.hudi.metadata.HoodieMetadataPayload;
+import org.apache.hudi.metadata.HoodieTableMetadataUtil;
+import org.apache.hudi.metadata.MetadataPartitionType;
+import org.apache.hudi.metadata.VectorIndexMetadataKey;
+import org.apache.hudi.metadata.VectorMetadataRawKey;
+import org.apache.hudi.metadata.index.BaseIndexer;
+import org.apache.hudi.metadata.index.EngineIndexerSupport;
+import org.apache.hudi.metadata.index.model.IndexCleanContext;
+import org.apache.hudi.metadata.index.model.IndexInitializationContext;
+import org.apache.hudi.metadata.index.model.IndexInitializationPlan;
+import org.apache.hudi.metadata.index.model.IndexPartitionAndRecords;
+import org.apache.hudi.metadata.index.model.IndexUpdateContext;
+import org.apache.hudi.metadata.model.FileSliceAndPartition;
+import org.apache.hudi.storage.StoragePath;
+import org.apache.hudi.storage.StoragePathInfo;
+
+import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
+import org.apache.avro.generic.GenericRecord;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+
+import static 
org.apache.hudi.common.table.timeline.InstantComparison.LESSER_THAN;
+import static 
org.apache.hudi.common.table.timeline.InstantComparison.compareTimestamps;
+import static org.apache.hudi.metadata.MetadataPartitionType.VECTOR_INDEX;
+
+/**
+ * Implementation of {@link MetadataPartitionType#VECTOR_INDEX} index.
+ * <p>
+ * Owns partition sizing (IVF cluster to file-group mapping) and 
initialization-plan assembly.
+ * The engine-specific record generation (reading the source VECTOR column, 
IVF clustering and
+ * RaBitQ quantization) is dispatched through {@link EngineIndexerSupport}.
+ * <p>
+ * Incremental maintenance follows the secondary-index/RLI file-group diff 
contract, while clean
+ * and restore lifecycle work remains separate.
+ */
+@Slf4j
+public class VectorIndexer extends BaseIndexer {
+
+  /**
+   * Target size per metadata file group used by the sizing guard. Vector 
postings are routed to
+   * file groups by cluster id, so this is only a sanity bound against gross 
over-provisioning.
+   */
+  private static final long TARGET_FILE_GROUP_BYTES = 512L * 1024L * 1024L;
+
+  private final EngineIndexerSupport engineIndexerSupport;
+
+  public VectorIndexer(
+      HoodieEngineContext engineContext,
+      HoodieWriteConfig dataTableWriteConfig,
+      HoodieTableMetaClient dataTableMetaClient,
+      EngineIndexerSupport engineIndexerSupport) {
+    super(engineContext, dataTableWriteConfig, dataTableMetaClient);
+    this.engineIndexerSupport = engineIndexerSupport;
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public List<IndexInitializationPlan> 
buildInitialization(IndexInitializationContext context) throws IOException {
+    Set<String> completedPartitions = 
dataTableMetaClient.getTableConfig().getMetadataPartitions();
+    Set<String> vectorIndexPartitionsToInit = 
dataTableMetaClient.getIndexMetadata()
+        .map(metadata -> metadata.getIndexDefinitions().values().stream()
+            .map(HoodieIndexDefinition::getIndexName)
+            .filter(name -> name.startsWith(VECTOR_INDEX.getPartitionPath()))
+            .filter(name -> !completedPartitions.contains(name))
+            .collect(Collectors.toSet()))
+        .orElse(Collections.emptySet());
+    if (vectorIndexPartitionsToInit.size() != 1) {
+      if (vectorIndexPartitionsToInit.size() > 1) {
+        log.warn("Skipping vector index initialization as only one vector 
index bootstrap at a time "
+            + "is supported for now. Provided: {}", 
vectorIndexPartitionsToInit);
+      }
+      return Collections.emptyList();
+    }
+
+    String indexName = vectorIndexPartitionsToInit.iterator().next();
+    HoodieIndexDefinition indexDefinition = 
HoodieTableMetadataUtil.getHoodieIndexDefinition(indexName, 
dataTableMetaClient);
+    ValidationUtils.checkState(indexDefinition != null, "Vector index 
definition is not present for index " + indexName);
+
+    int fileGroupCount = resolveFileGroupCount(indexDefinition);
+
+    HoodieSchema tableSchema = context.tableSchema().get()
+        .orElseThrow(() -> new HoodieMetadataException("Table schema is not 
available for vector index initialization"));
+    List<FileSliceAndPartition> fileSlices = context.latestFileSlices().get();
+
+    // Initial bootstrap always allocates generation 1 (no pre-existing MDT 
partition to advance).
+    HoodieData<HoodieRecord> records = 
engineIndexerSupport.generateVectorIndexRecords(
+        indexDefinition, dataTableMetaClient, fileSlices, tableSchema, 1, 
context.dataInstantTime());
+
+    return 
Collections.singletonList(IndexInitializationPlan.of(fileGroupCount, indexName, 
records));
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Sizes the vector metadata partition by IVF clusters. Posting rows are 
routed to file groups by
+   * cluster id ({@code mapVectorPostingKeyToFileGroupIndex}), so
+   * {@code fileGroupCount = ceil(numClusters / clustersPerFileGroup)} keeps 
one cluster per file group
+   * by default. An explicit {@code 
hoodie.metadata.vector.index.file.group.count} overrides the derived
+   * value.
+   */
+  private int resolveFileGroupCount(HoodieIndexDefinition indexDefinition) {
+    VectorIndexOptions.ResolvedOptions resolvedOptions = 
VectorIndexOptions.resolve(indexDefinition.getIndexOptions());
+    int numClusters = resolvedOptions.numClusters;
+    int clustersPerFileGroup = 1;
+    int configuredFileGroupCount = 
dataTableWriteConfig.getMetadataConfig().getVectorIndexFileGroupCount();
+    int fileGroupCount = configuredFileGroupCount > 0
+        ? configuredFileGroupCount
+        : Math.max(1, (int) Math.ceil((double) numClusters / 
clustersPerFileGroup));
+
+    long targetBlockBytes = 64L * 1024L;
+    long projectedIndexBytes = Math.max(1L, (long) numClusters * 
targetBlockBytes);
+    if ((long) fileGroupCount * TARGET_FILE_GROUP_BYTES > projectedIndexBytes 
* 10L) {
+      log.warn("Vector index {} is initializing with {} file groups for 
projected index size {} bytes. "
+              + "This exceeds the 10x sizing guard against 512 MiB target file 
groups; consider setting {} "
+              + "to a smaller value before bootstrap.",
+          indexDefinition.getIndexName(), fileGroupCount, projectedIndexBytes,
+          
org.apache.hudi.common.config.HoodieMetadataConfig.VECTOR_INDEX_FILE_GROUP_COUNT.key());
+    }
+    log.info("Initializing vector index {} with {} file groups "
+            + "[numClusters={}, clustersPerFileGroup={}, 
configuredFileGroupCount={}]",
+        indexDefinition.getIndexName(), fileGroupCount, numClusters, 
clustersPerFileGroup, configuredFileGroupCount);
+    return fileGroupCount;
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public List<IndexPartitionAndRecords> buildUpdate(IndexUpdateContext 
context) {
+    if (!VECTOR_INDEX.isMetadataPartitionAvailable(dataTableMetaClient)) {
+      return Collections.emptyList();
+    }
+    List<IndexPartitionAndRecords> partitionUpdates = new ArrayList<>();
+    for (String indexPartition : vectorIndexPartitions()) {
+      int generation = activeGeneration(context, indexPartition);
+      try {
+        HoodieIndexDefinition indexDefinition = 
HoodieTableMetadataUtil.getHoodieIndexDefinition(
+            indexPartition, dataTableMetaClient);
+        ValidationUtils.checkState(indexDefinition != null,
+            "Vector index definition is not present for index " + 
indexPartition);
+        HoodieSchema tableSchema = new 
TableSchemaResolver(dataTableMetaClient).getTableSchema();
+        List<VectorIndexFileGroupUpdate> updates = 
buildFileGroupUpdates(context);
+        HoodieData<HoodieRecord> records = 
engineIndexerSupport.generateVectorIndexUpdateRecords(
+            indexDefinition, dataTableMetaClient, context.tableMetadata(), 
updates,
+            tableSchema, generation, context.instantTime());
+        HoodieRecord marker = 
HoodieMetadataPayload.createVectorIndexSourceInstantMarkerRecord(
+            generation, context.instantTime(), System.currentTimeMillis(), 
indexPartition);

Review Comment:
   Vinoth and I synced in the community dev sync meeting this week.  We are 
aligned that we should use the synchronous MDT's transaction to guarantee that 
vector index is always up to date with data table; the instant marker for 
vector index should be deprecated.



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