hdygxsj commented on code in PR #6842:
URL: https://github.com/apache/gravitino/pull/6842#discussion_r2049807809


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server-common/src/main/java/org/apache/gravitino/server/authorization/GravitinoAuthorizer.java:
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@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.gravitino.server.authorization;
+
+import org.apache.gravitino.MetadataObject;
+import org.apache.gravitino.authorization.Privilege;
+
+/** Used for metadata authorization. */
+public interface GravitinoAuthorizer {
+
+  /**
+   * After instantiating the GravitinoAuthorizer, execute the initialize 
method to perform a series
+   * of initialization operations, such as loading privilege policies and so 
on.
+   */
+  void initialize();
+
+  /**
+   * Perform authorization and return the authorization result.
+   *
+   * @param userId the user id in use_meta table
+   * @param metadataType for example, CATALOG, SCHEMA,TABLE, etc.
+   * @param metadataId the metadata id.
+   * @param privilege for example, CREATE_CATALOG, CREATE_TABLE, etc.
+   * @return authorization result.
+   */
+  boolean authorize(

Review Comment:
   > Sometimes we may have to have some permissions **implied** when 
appropriate. Think about this, is it possible/valid for a user to have 
`SELECT_TABLE` permission without having a `USE_SCHEMA` or `USE_CATALOG` 
permission? When I say I'm in Tokyo, you won't ask me if I'm in Japan or if I'm 
in Asia, right?
   > 
   > When granting/revoking permissions, we may need to ensure that the 
permissions are valid. When we say a user can `SELECT_TABLE`, we auto-magically 
grant the `USE_SCHEMA` and `USE_CATALOG` permissions, since they can be 
inferred easily. Unless `USE_SCHEMA`/`USE_CATALOG` has some extra usage 
scenarios, when we revoke all table-level permissions, we revoke the 
schema/catalog level rights as well.
   > 
   > Then, when we perform authorization checks, we only check the target 
operation, e.g. `SELECT_TABLE`. We don't check the schema/catalog level 
permissions. Authorization checks are way more frequent than the grant/revoke 
operations.
   > 
   > This is my 2 cents.
   
   According to the previous discussion, USE_SCHEMA means having permissions 
for all tables under the schema, while USE_TABLE means having permissions for a 
single table. What do you think? @xunliu 



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