tengqm commented on code in PR #5646:
URL: https://github.com/apache/gravitino/pull/5646#discussion_r1853747579


##########
clients/client-python/gravitino/api/expressions/named_reference.py:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one

Review Comment:
   Why do we call this a named reference?
   Is there a case where a reference has no name?
   Do we have to differentiate these two types of references?



##########
clients/client-python/gravitino/api/expressions/named_reference.py:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+from typing import List
+from gravitino.api.expressions.expression import Expression
+
+
+class NamedReference(Expression):
+    """
+    Represents a field or column reference in the public logical expression 
API.
+    """
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def field(field_name: List[str]) -> FieldReference:
+        """Returns a FieldReference for the given field name(s)."""
+        return FieldReference(field_name)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def field_from_column(column_name: str) -> FieldReference:
+        """Returns a FieldReference for the given column name."""
+        return FieldReference([column_name])
+
+    def field_name(self) -> List[str]:
+        """
+        Returns the referenced field name as a list of string parts.
+        Must be implemented by subclasses.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError("Subclasses must implement this method.")
+
+    def children(self) -> List[Expression]:
+        """Named references do not have children."""
+        return Expression.EMPTY_EXPRESSION
+
+    def references(self) -> List[NamedReference]:
+        """Named references reference themselves."""
+        return [self]
+
+
+class FieldReference(NamedReference):
+    """
+    A NamedReference that references a field or column.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, field_name: List[str]):
+        super().__init__()
+        self._field_name = field_name

Review Comment:
   rename `_field_name` to `_field_names` ?
   Looks like this field is an array.



##########
clients/client-python/gravitino/api/expressions/named_reference.py:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+from typing import List
+from gravitino.api.expressions.expression import Expression
+
+
+class NamedReference(Expression):
+    """
+    Represents a field or column reference in the public logical expression 
API.
+    """
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def field(field_name: List[str]) -> FieldReference:
+        """Returns a FieldReference for the given field name(s)."""
+        return FieldReference(field_name)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def field_from_column(column_name: str) -> FieldReference:
+        """Returns a FieldReference for the given column name."""
+        return FieldReference([column_name])
+
+    def field_name(self) -> List[str]:
+        """
+        Returns the referenced field name as a list of string parts.
+        Must be implemented by subclasses.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError("Subclasses must implement this method.")
+
+    def children(self) -> List[Expression]:
+        """Named references do not have children."""
+        return Expression.EMPTY_EXPRESSION
+
+    def references(self) -> List[NamedReference]:
+        """Named references reference themselves."""
+        return [self]
+
+
+class FieldReference(NamedReference):
+    """
+    A NamedReference that references a field or column.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, field_name: List[str]):
+        super().__init__()
+        self._field_name = field_name
+
+    def field_name(self) -> List[str]:

Review Comment:
   ```suggestion
       def field_names(self) -> List[str]:
   ```



##########
clients/client-python/gravitino/api/expressions/function_expression.py:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+from abc import abstractmethod
+from typing import List, Union
+from gravitino.api.expressions.expression import Expression
+
+
+class FunctionExpression(Expression):
+    """
+    The interface of a function expression. A function expression is an 
expression that takes a
+    function name and a list of arguments.
+    """
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def of(function_name: str, *arguments: Expression) -> FuncExpressionImpl:
+        """
+        Creates a new FunctionExpression with the given function name.
+        If no arguments are provided, it uses an empty expression.
+
+        :param function_name: The name of the function.
+        :param arguments: The arguments to the function (optional).
+        :return: The created FunctionExpression.
+        """
+        arguments = list(arguments) if arguments else 
Expression.EMPTY_EXPRESSION
+        return FuncExpressionImpl(function_name, arguments)
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def function_name(self) -> str:
+        """Returns the function name."""
+        pass
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def arguments(self) -> List[Expression]:
+        """Returns the arguments passed to the function."""
+        pass
+
+    def children(self) -> List[Expression]:
+        """Returns the arguments as children."""
+        return self.arguments()
+
+
+class FuncExpressionImpl(FunctionExpression):
+    """
+    A concrete implementation of the FunctionExpression interface.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, function_name: str, arguments: List[Expression]):
+        super().__init__()
+        self._function_name = function_name
+        self._arguments = arguments
+
+    def function_name(self) -> str:
+        return self._function_name
+
+    def arguments(self) -> List[Expression]:
+        return self._arguments
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        if not self._arguments:
+            return f"{self._function_name}()"
+        arguments_str = ", ".join(map(str, self._arguments))
+        return f"{self._function_name}({arguments_str})"
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: Union[FuncExpressionImpl, object]) -> bool:
+        if isinstance(other, FuncExpressionImpl):
+            return (
+                self._function_name == other._function_name
+                and self._arguments == other._arguments
+            )
+        return False

Review Comment:
   Gut feeling is that you may want to leave a TODO here ...



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