Well everyone, talking of early applications of cryocooling to X-ray crystallography, what about Sten Samson's marvellous helium cryostat which was operational at Caltech since the end of the 1970s and used to reach temperatures around 20 K routinely ...., see for example:
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Jul;79(13):4040-4. Structure of a B-DNA dodecamer at 16 K. Drew HR, Samson S, Dickerson RE. That instrument (and its twin) are now both with Riccardo Destro in Milano. Ciao! Pietro -- Pietro Roversi Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, Oxford University South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RE, England UK Tel. 0044-1865-275385