Flatpak does export /etc/profile.d/flatpak.sh, that should set up XDG_DATA_DIRS. But I don't think there's a canonical way of using it in guix. Another way is to modify the package to do exactly what you said.
- bug#44997: Flatpaks are invisib... guixuser8421 via web
- bug#44997: Flatpaks are in... John Kehayias via Bug reports for GNU Guix