As of now [0] a search path ‘GUIX_LOCPATH’ is exported when ‘glibc’ package, which does not comprise any locales, is installed. I guess, it should belong to ‘glibc-locales’ and ‘glibc-utf8-locales’ instead.
[0] http://git.sv.gnu.org/cgit/guix.git/tree/gnu/packages/base.scm?id=3bee4b619#n740