Hello Vardhaman! > 3) Now trying to decode a non-encoded value of 12characters > [vardhaman@oc6085028360 ~]$ echo 'vardhamanbn1' | base64 --decode > ��݅�����[vardhaman@oc6085028360 ~]$ echo $? > 0
$ echo -n $'\275\252\335\205\251\232\235\271\365' | base64 vardhamanbn1 So, vardhamanbn1 is a valid encoding, but the decoded data is not UTF-8 and thus leads to �. Best regards, Martin