http://www.abc.net.au/science/news/scitech/SciTechRepublish_778692.htm

Thicker fireproofing may have prevented WTC collapse: expert 
Thursday, 6 February 2003
Thicker fireproofing insulation on the World Trade Centre girders would
have prevented the twin towers from falling so quickly, according to an
American fire safety expert. 

An analysis by Jim Quintiere, of the University of Maryland's Department
of Fire Protection Engineering, suggests that the thickness of the
insulation is a key to why the towers collapsed after being hit by two
hijacked planes on September 11, 2001. 

About 2,800 people were killed in the attacks blamed on Osama bin Laden's
Al Qaeda network. 

"The south tower was the first to fall even though it was hit after the
north tower. The insulation on its burning floors was only half as thick
(as the north tower)," New Scientist magazine said on Wednesday. 

It added that according to Mr Quintiere's calculations, if both towers
had had insulation 50 millimetres thick, they might not have collapsed at
all. 

A preliminary report of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)
stated that the insulation was 19 millimetres thick on the floors of the
south tower where the plane hit, half of what it was on the floors struck
in the north tower. 

"The implication of these insulation differences are astounding," the
magazine quoted Mr Quintiere as saying. 

Officials who conducted the FEMA investigation into the disaster believe
the dislodging of the fireproofing on the girders was the main reason for
the collapse. 

When the World Trade Centre was built in the 1970s, 19-millimetre
fireproofing was used. 

Doubling it was later recommended but it was only applied to fewer than a
third of the towers' girders by September 11 because the work could only
be carried out as floors became empty, according to the magazine. 

"The New York City building code stipulates that the insulation on steel
structures should be at least 38 millimetres thick. However, the Port
Authority's special legal status means it does not have to comply with
the code," New Scientist said. 

The Port Authority of New York and New Jersey is the owner of the World
Trade Centre. 

Mr Quintiere admits that more work is needed to prove whether or not his
theory is correct. 

The US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), which
investigates the causes of building failures that cause substantial loss
of life, told the magazine it will assess the theory. 

"We plan to conduct tests at NIST with different insulation thicknesses
beginning in February and likely to end in March," an NIST investigator
told the magazine.


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