> A problem with the idea of using one-show signatures as double-spend
> protection is that miner-claimable fidelity bonds don't work as well
> against adversaries that are not just counterparties but also miners
> themselves. 

Hey David,

The fidelity bonds in the Ark context are nothing but the vTXOs themselves, 
which in simple terms, have two possible closures: (1) a key-path collaborative 
closure with higher precedence and (2) a script-path closure with lower 
precedence.

The key-path closure is a 2-of-2 between the rightful owner of the vTXO and the 
service provider. The script path closure, on the other hand, lets the service 
provider sweep funds after a relative lock time. The key-path closure has 
higher precedence over the script-path closure since it can be triggered 
immediately with a satisfying signature.

If the service provider double-spends a transaction that enforces a one-time 
signature where Bob is the vendor, Bob can forge the service provider’s 
signature from the 2-of-2 and can immediately claim his previously-spent 
vTXO(s). If Alice (or the service provider) is a miner she won’t be able steal 
funds regardless, since she won’t be able co-sign from the Bob’s key.

Best,
Burak
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