Daftar Diskusi Kesehatan :
Tanya : Siang Dokter, saya sudah mengandung 10 minggu, tapi harus
dibuang karena janinnya tidak berkembang, untuk mencari penyebabnya
saya melakukan test toxo dan hasilnya adalah Anti Toxoplasma lgM 0.57
(Negatif), Anti Toxoplasma lgG 215(Positif), Anti Rubella lgM 0.12
(Negatif), Anti Rubella lgG 0(Negatif), Anti CMV lgM 0.06 (Negatif),
Anti CMV lgG 66(Positif), Anti HSV I LgM 0.55(Negatif), Anti HSF I lgG
2.76 (Positif), Anti HSV II lgM 0.57 (Negatif), Anti HSV II lgG 0.20
(Negatif). Apakah hasil dari test tersebut, dan apakah saya bisa hamil
lagi, sangat berbahayakah virus tersebut.. ?? Mohon jawabanya. Terima
kasih. - Rahmawati
Jawab : Bila dokter Anda telah menyarankan untuk dikeluarkan, hal
tersebut mungkin berhubungan dengan adanya titer antibodi yang tinggi
pada pemeriksaan diatas. (Toxo, CMV) kemungkinan dokter kandungan akan
menyarankan pengobatan terlebih dahulu untuk hasil tersebut, dan bila
kadar diatas membaik Ibu tidak usah khawatir karena kehamilan
selanjutnya Insya Allah akan terjadi.
What is toxoplasmosis?
Toxoplasmosis is an infection caused by a single-celled parasite named
toxoplasma gondii. It is found throughout the world. More than 60
million people in the United States probably carry the toxoplasma
parasite, but very few have symptoms because the immune system usually
keeps the parasite from causing illness.
What factors increase the risk of acquiring toxo?
The following situations potentially expose a person to the toxoplasma
parasite and increase the risk of acquiring toxoplasmosis:
â Touching your hands to your mouth after gardening, cleaning a cat's
litter box, or anything that came into contact with cat feces.
â Eating raw or partly cooked meat, especially pork, lamb, or venison.
â Touching your hands to your mouth after contact with raw or undercooked meat.
â Organ transplantation or transfusion, although this is rare.
â If a woman is pregnant when she is infected with toxo, the infection
can be transmitted from her to the baby with sometimes catastrophic
consequences.
What are the usual symptoms of toxoplasmosis?
Although people infected with toxoplasmosis are often unaware of
having this disease, typical symptoms of toxo are like flu with
swollen lymph glands and muscle aches and pains that last for a few
days to several weeks.
Why do some people develop severe problems from toxo?
Just as very few people with toxo have symptoms "because the immune
system usually keeps the parasite from causing illness," anyone
without a normal immune system is at risk for serious problems from
toxo.
Can toxoplasmosis develop into a more serious illness in babies?
Yes, the immune system in infants does not complete its maturation
until after birth.
The babies of women who were exposed to toxo within a few months of
becoming pregnant or during pregnancy are at an increased risk for
developing a severe case of toxo.
Women who were first exposed to toxo more than 6 months before
becoming pregnant are not likely to pass the infection to their
children.
What is meant by a baby developing "a more severe case of toxo"?
Children born with toxoplasmosis can be afflicted with mental
retardation, convulsions, spasticity, cerebral palsy, deafness, and
severely impaired vision. The infant's head may be abnormally small
(microcephaly) or abnormally large due to increased pressure on the
brain (hydrocephalus).
How about children or adults with immune deficiency?
Persons with weakened immune systems such as those born with an immune
defect, those with AIDS (HIV infection), those taking certain types of
chemotherapy, and those who have recently received an organ transplant
are at risk for developing a severe case of toxo. In these people, an
infection that occurred anytime during life can reactivate and cause
the severe symptoms of toxoplasmosis such as damage to the eye or
brain.
How is toxo diagnosed in the lab?
There are many different kinds of blood tests for toxoplasmosis. The
results can determine if the patient has had toxo and whether the
infection is recent ("acute") or not.
How can toxoplasmosis be prevented?
Since toxo usually causes no symptoms or merely mild ones, and a
healthy immune system prevents any remaining parasites in the body
from causing further symptoms, most people don't need to worry about
getting this disease.
However, if you have a weakened immune system or are pregnant, there
are several steps you should take to prevent exposure to
toxoplasmosis.
â If you have a weakened immune system, get a blood test for
toxoplasmosis. If your test is positive, your doctor can tell you if
and when you need to take medicine to prevent the infection from
reactivating.
â If you are planning on becoming pregnant, you may consider being
tested for toxo. If the test is positive, there is no need to worry
about passing the infection to your baby (since you should have
immunity against the parasite).
â If you are already pregnant, you should discuss your risk of
toxoplasmosis with your doctor who may order a blood sample for
testing.
â Wear gloves when you garden or do anything outdoors that involves
handling soil. Cats, who may pass the parasite in their feces, often
use gardens and sandboxes as litter boxes. Wash your hands well with
soap and warm water after outdoor activities, especially before you
eat or prepare food.
â Have someone who is healthy and not pregnant handle raw meat for
you. If this is not possible, wear clean latex gloves when you touch
raw meat and thoroughly wash with soap and hot water any cutting
boards, sinks, knives, and other utensils that might have touched the
raw meat. Wash your hands well with soap and warm water afterwards.
â Cook all meat thoroughly, that is, until it is no longer pink in the
center or until the juices run clear. Do not taste meat until it is
fully cooked.
Toxoplasmosis (cont.)
Am I able to keep my cat?
Yes, but if you have a weakened immune system or are pregnant, there
are some steps to take to avoid being exposed to toxo.
Help prevent your cat from getting infected with toxo. Keep cats
indoors and feed them dry or canned cat food. Cats can become infected
by eating or being fed raw or undercooked meat that is infected with
the parasite. Don't bring a new cat into your house that might have
been an outdoor cat or might have been fed raw meat. Avoid handling
stray cats and kittens. Your vet can answer any other questions you
may have regarding your cat and risk for toxoplasmosis.
Have someone who is healthy and not pregnant change your cat's litter
box. If this is not possible, wear gloves and clean the litter box
daily (the parasite found in cat feces needs a few days after being
passed to become infectious). Wash your hands well with soap and warm
water afterwards.
Once infected with toxo, is my cat always able to spread the infection to me?
No, cats can only spread toxo in their feces for a few weeks after
they are first infected with the parasite. Like humans, cats rarely
have symptoms when first infected, so most people don't know if their
cat has been exposed to toxo. There are no good tests available to
determine if your cat is passing toxo in its feces.
What is the treatment for toxoplasmosis?
Once the diagnosis of toxoplasmosis is confirmed, you and your doctor
should discuss whether treatment is necessary. In an otherwise healthy
person who is not pregnant, treatment is not needed. Symptoms will
usually go away within a few weeks. For pregnant women or persons who
have weakened immune systems, drugs are available to treat the
parasite that causes toxoplasmosis.
Toxoplasmosis At A Glance
â Toxoplasmosis (toxo) is a disease caused by a parasite that is found
all over the world.
â Toxo is acquired from contact with cats and their feces.
â Toxo is also acquired from eating or touching raw or partly cooked meat.
â Symptoms can range from none to very severe.
â A woman who contracts toxo right before or during pregnancy can
transmit it to her baby with catastrophic consequences.
â People with immune deficiencies are at high risk for developing
severe signs and symptoms of toxo.
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