Hi. I have the same problem with Ansible 2.16.2 installed via PIP in venv.
Using the same config/inventory/playbook I have no problems when using 
Ansible 2.9.6 installed on Ubuntu 20.04 with Python 3.8

This is my cfg file:

[defaults]
inventory           = ./inventory
host_key_checking   = False        
retry_files_enabled = False        
gathering           = explicit 
action_warnings = False
library = 

[persistent_connection]
command_timeout = 200
connect_timeout = 200
connect_retry_timeout = 100

This is my inventory file

[all]

[all:children]
ios
nxos

[all:vars]
ansible_user=alexd
ansible_password=S00perP@ss!
ansible_connection = ansible.netcommon.network_cli 
### This is needed for IOS, IOS-XE, NXOS
connect_timeout = 200
command_timeout = 200
#connection = paramiko

[ios]

[ios:children]
routers
switches

[ios:vars]
ansible_network_os=cisco.ios.ios
ansible_become=yes
ansible_become_method=enable
ansible_become_password=Enable


[routers]
R1 ansible_host=192.168.122.10
R2 ansible_host=192.168.122.12

And this is the playbook:

- name: "PLAY 1: Gather Data from network devices"
  hosts: R2
  connection: paramiko
  collections:
    - cisco.ios
  gather_facts: false
  become: true
  become_method: enable

  tasks:
    - name: "TASK 1: IOS >> Show version"
      cisco.ios.ios_command:
        commands: show version
      register: show_version

    - name: "TASK 2: debug"
      debug:
        msg: "{{ show_version }}"

The ansible ping Work perfectly with both routers.

(venv) ubuntu@ubuntu:~/DevAuto/AnsibleTest2$ ansible -m ping routers
[WARNING]: ansible-pylibssh not installed, falling back to paramiko
R2 | SUCCESS => {
    "changed": false,
    "ping": "pong"
}
R1 | SUCCESS => {
    "changed": false,
    "ping": "pong"
}

However playbook fails with "Authentication failed" message
(venv) ubuntu@ubuntu:~/DevAuto/AnsibleTest2$  ansible-playbook 
get_info_ios.yml

PLAY [PLAY 1: Gather Data from network devices] 
**********************************************************************************************************************************************

TASK [TASK 1: IOS >> Show version] 
***********************************************************************************************************************************************************
[WARNING]: ansible-pylibssh not installed, falling back to paramiko
fatal: [R2]: FAILED! => {"changed": false, "msg":* "Failed to authenticate: 
Authentication failed: transport shut down or saw EOF"}*

PLAY RECAP 
***********************************************************************************************************************************************************************************
R2                         : ok=0    changed=0    unreachable=0    *failed=1 
*   skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   

Need help!

On Thursday, January 4, 2024 at 4:05:57 PM UTC+1 mohamed mostafa wrote:

> dears,
>
> Kindly help to solve this issue, i have the below error when run ad-hoc 
> command "ios_ping "
>
> [mohamedlocalhost proj]$  ansible -m ios_ping 192.168.1.101 -a 
> "dest=192.168.1.101" 
> SSH password: 
> [WARNING]: ansible-pylibssh not installed, falling back to paramiko
> 192.168.1.101 | FAILED! => {
>     "changed": false,
>     "msg": "Failed to authenticate: Authentication failed: transport shut 
> down or saw EOF"
>
> i can use ping module normally please check attachment 1 
>
> the ansible can ssh this device .101 , this device is eve-ng cisco L3 IOL 
> .when i check the logs and make debug on it i found below 
>
> *Dec 25 16:46:01.337: SSH2 0: MAC compared for #5 :ok
> *Dec 25 16:46:01.337: SSH2 0: input: padlength 15 bytes
> *Dec 25 16:46:01.337: SSH2 0: Using method = publickey
> *Dec 25 16:46:01.337: SSH2 0: Received publickey algo = rsa-sha2-512
> *Dec 25 16:46:01.337: SSH2 0: Unsupported public key algorithm 
> rsa-sha2-512 in SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST
> *Dec 25 16:46:01.337: SSH0: password authentication failed for root
>
>
> =======================================
>
> [mohamedlocalhost proj]$  ansible -m ios_ping 192.168.1.101 -a 
> "dest=192.168.1.101" -vvv
> ansible [core 2.15.7]
>   config file = /home/mohamed/RED_Hat_Course/proj/ansible.cfg
>   configured module search path = 
> ['/home/mohamed/.ansible/plugins/modules', 
> '/usr/share/ansible/plugins/modules']
>   ansible python module location = 
> /home/mohamed/.local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/ansible
>   ansible collection location = 
> /home/mohamed/.ansible/collections:/usr/share/ansible/collections
>   executable location = /home/mohamed/.local/bin/ansible
>   python version = 3.9.18 (main, Sep 22 2023, 17:58:34) [GCC 8.5.0 
> 20210514 (Red Hat 8.5.0-20)] (/usr/bin/python3.9)
>   jinja version = 3.1.2
>   libyaml = True
> Using /home/mohamed/RED_Hat_Course/proj/ansible.cfg as config file
> SSH password: 
> host_list declined parsing /home/mohamed/RED_Hat_Course/proj/cisco as it 
> did not pass its verify_file() method
> script declined parsing /home/mohamed/RED_Hat_Course/proj/cisco as it did 
> not pass its verify_file() method
> auto declined parsing /home/mohamed/RED_Hat_Course/proj/cisco as it did 
> not pass its verify_file() method
> Parsed /home/mohamed/RED_Hat_Course/proj/cisco inventory source with ini 
> plugin
> Skipping callback 'default', as we already have a stdout callback.
> Skipping callback 'minimal', as we already have a stdout callback.
> Skipping callback 'oneline', as we already have a stdout callback.
> [WARNING]: ansible-pylibssh not installed, falling back to paramiko
> redirecting (type: modules) ansible.builtin.ios_ping to cisco.ios.ios_ping
> redirecting (type: action) ansible.builtin.ios to cisco.ios.ios
> redirecting (type: action) ansible.builtin.ios to cisco.ios.ios
> redirecting (type: modules) ansible.builtin.ios_ping to cisco.ios.ios_ping
> The full traceback is:
>   File 
> "/home/mohamed/.local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/ansible_collections/cisco/ios/plugins/module_utils/network/ios/ios.py",
>  
> line 60, in get_capabilities
>     capabilities = Connection(module._socket_path).get_capabilities()
>   File 
> "/home/mohamed/.local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/ansible/module_utils/connection.py",
>  
> line 200, in __rpc__
>     raise ConnectionError(to_text(msg, errors='surrogate_then_replace'), 
> code=code)
> 192.168.1.101 | FAILED! => {
>     "changed": false,
>     "invocation": {
>         "module_args": {
>             "afi": "ip",
>             "count": null,
>             "dest": "192.168.1.101",
>             "df_bit": false,
>             "egress": null,
>             "ingress": null,
>             "source": null,
>             "state": "present",
>             "timeout": null,
>             "vrf": null
>         }
>     },
>     "msg": "Failed to authenticate: Authentication failed: transport shut 
> down or saw EOF"
>
>
> ============================
> inventory=cisco 
> [all]
> 192.168.1.101
> 192.168.1.102
> 192.168.1.103
>
> [usa]
> 192.168.1.101
> 192.168.1.102
>
> [uk]
> 192.168.1.103
>
>
> ansible.cfg
>
> [defaults]
> host_key_checking = False
> inventory = cisco
> ask_pass = true
> gathering = explicit
> interpreter_python = /usr/bin/python
>
> [persistent_connection]
> command_timeout = 200
> connect_timeout = 200
> connect_retry_timeout = 100
>
>
> Group_var 
> ansible_connection: ansible.netcommon.network_cli
> ansible_network_os: cisco.ios.ios
> ansible_user: root
> ansible_password: admin
> ansible_vrf: MGMT
>
>

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